1 50 130 https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/0a0054b8e52a60ac18c7511cd6568257.jpg 2bfc1a81561d1edac96381a3280b742c https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/13834a8c8f6cb7983dcd49c3d55256e1.jpg 16425c0274dc6ff2c9bb6bbc0a74d43d Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Mexican families in Lorain (1921) Description An account of the resource Some of the first few Mexican families that lived in Lorain, specifically South Lorain who were employed by the B&O Railroad or the steel mill. Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lorain Historical Society Type The nature or genre of the resource Photographs Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kahtia Moyotl https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/0259975ba97a6d8590df884de446053f.pdf 4ec7575554392d8375d2e61eb76444c7 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource La Prensa - El Centro's 39th Gala Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 15, 2013 Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kaytlen Cruz https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/dba852c00d57c47bb79fe08ed2d55b2d.pdf b735eeb72a7163839b819e018eea1c82 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "More Puerto Ricans for Ohio" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived New York Times Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource Dec 15, 1948 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Julia Rohde Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Rights Information about rights held in and over the resource New York Times (1923-Current file); Dec 15, 1948; ProQuest Historical Newspapers: The New York Times pg. 43 https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/ad670c9898fcc372f320b35565be9b16.jpg dd037ee7666961ae4ed2cd7f5c6718a9 https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/f03fbdf9ec0cb80c01f0eeb731f6013f.jpg 52975fcf4ab97cf9b1cec3cf73105696 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Exodus of students, skilled workers hurts Lorain's Hispanic community" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard Stradling Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 26, 1986 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Oberlin Review Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Zoe Jasper Language A language of the resource English https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/b9db0e7de639ad03701f32999f55e12c.pdf 971139e77d71ee521398c08aa87cc472 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Grounded By COVID-19, Community Groups Work To Save Cleveland’s Census Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived IdeaStream E-News Type The nature or genre of the resource Text Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jane Rissover-Plotke Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Lee Chilcote and Conor Morris https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/940a068370650014c33716484ca5b01d.pdf bc8053a07c85f7f6598101c6a8521edd Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Text Any textual data included in the document "BOOM TOWN. Overcrowding and substandard housing are symptoms of Lorain's rapid postwar boom. Top left: Two National Tube Co. 'in-migrants,' Leon Lake, jr., (on bed) and Carlos Gower, in the room they have shared with as many as five other men. Top right: Lake points to a rotting fire hose on a floor housing 40 men. The valve was on, but no water came. Below right: White barracks house Puerto Rican laborers on steel company property." Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource National Tube Co. Housing Photos Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Cleveland Plain Dealer Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 27, 1948 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper article Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Pearl Puzak https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/e9017379e99f14e993da9b724cbf06c9.PNG 104aba205b7aeb9aaec9510763c74666 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Newspaper Article - Sacred Heart Chapel Fire https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/a9c728c016f4361a40a1b71ba87576ac.pdf 7e8c285c57ba39853d2d633a984c88fa Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data Online newspaper article Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Census Caravana Takes National Headcount to Streets of Lorain Subject The topic of the resource 2020 Census in Lorain, Ohio Description An account of the resource A Morning Journal Article from 6/4/2020 about the 2020 Census in Lorain Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard Payerchin Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Lorain Morning Journal Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Lorain Morning Journal Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 6/4/2020 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF copy of an online newspaper article Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Online newspaper article Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource James Darnell https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/5c049edab748b5072e9d86d9dbc9ef25.jpg 9b989b76a5176439d2696acaf5311b00 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Spanish Club Sponsors Latin American Dance A dance festival, "Un Gran Baile y Fiesta," sponsored by the Spanish Club, will take place Saturday in MB auditorium from 8:30 to 11:30 p.m. and will be open to the public, admission free. A Puerto Rican orchestra will play tangos and rumbas and refreshments will cost 35 cents. Tickets may be obtained form members of the Spanish Club and from faculty members of the Spanish department. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Spanish Club Sponsors Latin American Dance" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Oberlin Review Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource November 24, 1948 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource Newspaper https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/0a85c862c21fce1b42f4bb08a537283c.pdf 034d412df4b23e0718bbc722d4a5e73b Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document CLEVELAND: The ongoing debt crisis in Puerto Rico has Latino leaders on the mainland concerned to the point they're about to take some serious political action, including in Cleveland, the home of a large Boricua Community. The Hispanic Alliance and related groups are calling for a Day of Action this Saturday, May 28, 2016. The group will join approximately 60 local Latino faith-based leaders on Saturday, May 28, 2016 for a full day of group discussions, followed by canvassing the Cleveland Clark-Fulton neighborhoods encouraging voter registration and responsible civic engagement. A press conference is scheduled on May 28, 2016, from 9:00 to 9:30 am. at 3110 West 25th Street, Cleveland. Puerto Rico is in the midst of a severe economic crisis, with more than $70 billion of debt. Earlier this month the island government failed to pay a $399 million debt payment. The dire fiscal situation is causing many residents to flee the island, fearing draconian measures it may take to get back on track financially. "The financial crisis really does lead to a human crisis and environmental crisis and certainly a political crisis," said Juan Molina Crespo, executive director, Hispanic Alliance. "What that's creating is Puerto Ricans leaving the island, primarily for central Florida. Many of them are finding that central Florida really doesn't have the resources to accommodate this huge influx." But a similar situation is happening elsewhere, too. Crespo estimated 85,000 Puerto Ricans each year are migrating to other states, like Ohio, and communities like the west side of Cleveland and Lorain. "It not only puts a strain on the existing resources that we have, but offers us a challenge to make sure that the organizations and the infrastructure on the west side has the resources and can create the kind of resources to make them welcome to Cleveland and keep them in Cleveland, quite honestly," Crespo said. 11 percent of Cleveland's overall population is Latino. Of that, about 90 percent hails from Puerto Rico. More than 30,000 Puerto Ricans in one city is enough to tip an election one way or the other. All are U.S. citizens and eligible to vote state-side. While Cleveland and other communities are welcoming the repatriated Puerto Rican population. Latino leaders fear the long-lasting effects back on the island. "It isn't solving the problem. I think, in many ways, it exacerbates the problem. The ones that are leaving are young, highly-educated Puerto Ricans, many of them professionals-and when you lose that population, the primary taxpayers. What we're finding is the outflow of those Puerto Ricans really exacerbates the financial problem of Puerto Rico, because you'll have less taxes." Because the Puerto Rico crisis is happening during a presidential election year, Latino leaders are mounting a campaign to send a strong political message to political leaders. "I think the primary message is that in order for the Latino community in metropolitan Cleveland and throughout the state of Ohio, to impact the policy as it pertains to Puerto Rico, we have to be willing and able to let our voices be heard, primarily among elected officials, in terms of giving them the foundation and background of how all of this is tied together," said Crespo. "How we do that is through a massive voter registration." That drive is being mounted concurrently in cities across the Midwest and along the eastern seaboard-Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, Cleveland, and Orlando, among others. The idea is to register Puerto Ricans to vote, get out the vote, and to continue that involvement in the cities "in a responsibly civic manner." The Hispanic Alliance will welcome a group of Hispanic delegates from Philadelphia, New York, Chicago, and Florida on Saturday to bring awareness to the Puerto Rico crisis. The group will join approximately 60 local Latino faith-based leaders for a full day of group discussions, followed by canvassing Cleveland neighborhoods encouraging voter registration and responsible civic engagement. A press conference also is scheduled. The group also will travel to Lorain to meet with Latino leaders and elected officials at El Centro de Servicios Sociales. The day of action will finish with a presentation by nationally-acclaimed economist Dr. Edwin Meléndez of El Centro de Estudios Puertorriqueños, Hunter College, NY. His presentation is entitled: "The Role of Community-Based Latino Churches in the Current Puerto Rican Social and Political Environments." As far as a political solution, Republicans in Congress have forged compromise legislation that would help bail out Puerto Rico, called the Promiso bill, or The Promise. A seven-member oversight committee would be selected by President Obama from candidates proposed by Republicans and Democrats in Congress. At least one of the seven members would be a resident of Puerto Rico. "It offers an oversight board that will really prioritize who gets paid and in what order and what amount," he said. "One of the problems, of course, with it is that it takes that kind of authority and oversight away from the Puerto Rican people that I don't think has yet been rectified." In fact, the bill bars Puerto Rico's governor or legislature from exercising "any control, supervision, oversight or review over the Oversight Board or its activities." It would also trump a bill enacted by Puerto Rico in April allowing the government to default on debt payments. The bill would give the control board authority to investigate what went wrong on the island, to demand reforms and to enforce credible budgets and fiscal plans. The board would have the power to subpoena records and hold hearings, something of potential concern to Puerto Rican officials past and present as well as the financial community. The board would not be able to declare "mission accomplished" and leave until Puerto Rico regains normal access to the capital markets, something that could take years. The board would also guide Puerto Rico through a court-supervised process of debt reduction. It would first sort through Puerto Rico's bewildering array of bonds and put similar creditors together in classes, honoring Puerto Rico's existing bond priorities. Each class would then get a settlement offer and have the chance to vote on it. The offers would come from the board, not the government of Puerto Rico. The bill also contains a so-called collective action clause, making it possible to impose binding settlements on holdout creditors who want more. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Delegation to Discuss Puerto Rico Financial Crisis" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kevin Milliken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource May 28, 2016 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English and Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource Newsletter https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/ce86ad7b31c37886719d8c3c08fe0eaa.pdf df9ab38b8b17eece1a94551e4ca3fb75 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document It has been more than a year since the Lorain International Association selected the city's vibrant Puerto Rican community to be the Spotlight community for the 2009 annual Lorain International Festival & Bazaar to be held June 22-28, 2009. This week, a committee of activists will be giving the Puerto Rican community a wake up-call. "The clock is ticking and we've got a lot to do in the short time that's left," says Antonio Barrios, chairman and co-founder of the Puerto Rican Culture Committee (PRCC). The group's first communily meeting was held on Oct. 14, 2008, at Sacred Heart Chapel. "We hope to engage the Latino and non-Latino community in this cultural celebration," adds Barrios. Each year the Lorain International Festival & Bazaar focuses upon the cultural heritage of one of the city's ethnic communities. 2009 will mark the 40th anniversary of the annual week-long event, much of which is held on the city's Black River Landing. While numerous ethnic groups make an annual appearance at each annual festival, it has been ten years since the Puerto Rican community was the primary focus. The schedule of the 2009 Festival will provide Lorain's Puerto Rican community with a unique opportunity to showcase its accomplishments through an array of entertainment and speakers, explains Barrios. Barrios said the nonprofit group has already reached out beyond Lorain County to make contact with the Puerto Rican communities of Cleveland and New York. He hopes to make connections with transplanted members of the Northeast Ohio Puerto Rican community who are now living and working in Toledo. "We've also made contact with the president of the senate of Puerto Rico and other officials from Puerto Rico. The Puerto Rican community comprises approximately 20 percent of Lorain's population of 70,124 making it the largest ethnic groups in the city. Surprisingly, it has been at least a decade since the community was spotlighted by the International Association, says Barrios. During that decade, the community has made many significant strides. The community can trace its origins to the 1940s when the steel companies that once dominated Lorain's economy began to recruit workers in Puerto Rico for their mills. Unlike Toledo, where the majority of the Latino community is of Mexican heritage, the Latino communities of Lorain, and to a lesser degree Cleveland, are comprised primarily of those of Puerto Rican descent. In recent years, the Puerto Rican community in Lorain has begun to flex its political muscles. Dennis Flores represents the city's Second Ward in City Council. Recently retired, Fred Lozano served on city council for 20 years. La Prensa's Rubén Torres, likewise, served on city council. Ray Carrion serves as the city's Development Director; Richard Romero as deputy safety director in the current administration of Mayor Tony Krasienko. This Latino representation supplements Latino officeholders Joel Arredondo, who is the current council president, and David Flores, who has served on city council. Both are of Mexican descent. According to Richard Romero, Chair of the Ohio Latino Affairs Commission (formally, OCHLA), "I think it's great that the International Festival is spotlighting the Puerto Rican community in 2009. "I am also proud of the fact that Lorain have tremendous leaders such as Cel Rivera, Mary Santiago, Fred Lozano, Mike Ferrer, Juan Silva, Rosie Reyes, Nellie Caraballo, Daisy Maldonado, and Victor Leandry (just to name a few) who have talent, have built strong relationships, and have a true commitment to the Puerto Rican community. "We are one of the few communities that still have an ethnic club, The Puerto Rican Home Club. President Juan Silva is truly a leader who wants to continue to promote the Puerto Rican culture in a positive light. The Puerto Rican Home also has board members that work very hard, and it is important that we support them. The success of the Puerto Rican cultural committee will be determined on how we all work together to put our best foot forward. "We also appreciate all of the support that the Mexican Mutual Society has given to the Puerto Rican community." Catch 22 According to Barrios, the Catch 22 of being honored by the Lorain International Festival & Bazaar committee lies in the fact that the community being honored has to organize and produce the program as well as foot the bill - and that even includes the floats in the international parade. That's what gives the work of the PRCC a sense of urgency. The PRCC has approximately eight months to recruit new members from the community as well as organize the volunteers needed to work the Festival-and also seek corporate and private funding. "One source will certainly be fundraisers," says Barrios. But he is realistic enough to recognize the challenge he and the other members of the PRCC face. "It's a huge opportunity for us, but we are the ones who have to make it happen. It has to be a community effort for the entire community. We have to let bygones be bygones and put our differences in the past. This is a good vehicle for us and we have to make it a showcase for our culture. We are the owners of it, and we have to show our pride of ownership," adds Barrios. Presently, the core group of the PRCC consists of Barrios, José "Pepe" Rivera, Lou Acosta, Councilman Dennis Flores, Victor Leandry, Ray Carrion, and Tito Rivera, all of whom are unpaid volunteers. Barrios is working on several exciting possibilities for the Festival week including bringing a prestigious museum-quality exhibition of pre-Columbian art into the Lorain public schools. "The art represents the history of the original native population of Puerto Rico and is an important part of our heritage. However, various issues such as security and insurance will have to be resolved before it can become a reality," he explains. Barrios is also hoping to bring the current Miss Puerto Rico Universe-Ingrid Marie Rivera Santos-to Lorain, to crown the community's Festival Princess. And he would like to have the President of Puerto Rico's Senate deliver the Festival's keynote address. "It is a matter of community pride. The majority of Puerto Ricans in the community are excited about playing some role in the Festival and seeing their community spotlighted for the week," says Barrios. "We will put on a great show," he promises. Editor's Note: Antonio Barrios is a well known freelance photographer and is the owner of FrameWorks. Terri Soto has been in charge of the Festival's annual Puerto Rican princess pageant and was last year's Festival's president. Last year's festival can be visited at: www.loraininternational.com If you would like to join the PRCC and are unable to attend the community meeting, you can contact Barrios at: lbarrio22@yahoo.com Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lorain's Puerto Rican community to be spotlighted in 2009 Lorain International Festival Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alan Abrams Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 17, 2008 Language A language of the resource English https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/44494e4f3573f3c87eca468da9ca89b1.pdf d84cf3f111508994c4fcd96edfa7c36c Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document LUIS R. CRUZ Luis R. Cruz, 78, of Lorain, OH, died Saturday, Oct. 21, 2006, in the emergency room at Community Health Partners Hospital, Lorain, following a sudden illness. He was born Sept. 9, 1928, in Coamo, Puerto Rico. He lived in New York, New Jersey and Florida before coming to Lorain more than 55 years ago. Cruz was a founding member of the Puerto Rican Home, where he served as president from 1956 through 1966, and a founding member of Club Coameno. He received a congressional recognition certificate for meeting the needs of the Puerto Rican community from 1947 through 1967. He was employed as a balancer and utility man at Ford Motor Co., Brook Park, for 31 years, retiring in 1981. Before that he was a railroad worker. He helped establish a fast-pitch softball league and several teams at Oakwood Park in Lorain and coached the Coamo fast-pitch softball team. Cruz was a member of Sacred Heart Chapel, Lorain, and United Auto Workers Union Local 1250 and enjoyed gardening, baseball and walking. Survivors include his wife of 13 years, Anna M. (née Sepulvida); sons Luis Cruz of Vermilion and Arturo "Tito" Cruz and Roberto "Bobbie" Cruz, both of Lorain; daughters Nancy Molina, Carmen Cruz and Joann Cato Cruz, all of Lorain; stepsons Paul Flores Jr. of Elyria and Dennis Flores and Johnny Flores, both of Lorain; stepdaughters Mary Flores of Lorain and Grace Carlson of North Ridgeville; brothers Roberto Guzmán and Luis F. Ralat, both of Villalba, Puerto Rico, and Reynaldo Ralat of Lorain; sisters Carmen M. Pérez of Newark, N.J., and Gloria Colón of Guayama, Puerto Rico; and 15 grandchildren and 12 great-grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his parents, Guadalupe Barrio Cruz in 1989 and Carmen (née Rivas) Cruz in 1997; and a brother, Oscar Ralat, in 1973. CARMEN C. FLORES Carmen "Mamá" C. Flores (née Caraballo), 81, of Lorain, OH, died Thursday, Oct. 12, 2006, at the Cleveland Clinic, Cleveland, after a long illness. She was born Nov. 1, 1924, in Sabana Grande, Puerto Rico. She moved to Lorain from Puerto Rico 55 years ago. She had devoted her time to her home and family. She was a member of Iglesia de Dios Pentecostal Ebenezer and enjoyed gardening, sewing, and cooking. Survivors include her sons Gasper Jr. and Germán, both of Pinellas Park, Fla.; daughters Margarita Rodríguez of Long Island, N.Y., and Marian Mounts and Matilda Lamberty, both of Lorain; brothers Fídel Jr. and Vidal, both of Puerto Rico; sisters Dominga, Sara, Lubina and Eva, all of Puerto Rico; and 14 grandchildren and 22 great-grandchildren. She was preceded in death by her husband, Gasper Flores, in April 1993; daughter, Nilsa Toro, in November 2000; a grandson; and her parents, Fidel and Jova (née Feliciano) Caraballo. EDUARDO FLORES JR. Eduardo Flores Jr., 45, of Bowling Green, OH, died Tuesday, Oct. 17, 2006, at his residence. Arrangements are pending at Smith-Crates Funeral Home, North Baltimore. EXIQUIO GARCÍA Exiquio "Pete" García passed away on October 3, 2006, at the Audie L. Murphy Memorial Veterans Hospital in San Antonio, Texas. He was 86 years old. He was born on November 18, 1919, in Guanajuato, México and along with other family members settled in Kerrville, Texas. Exiquio joined the U.S. Navy during WW II. In 1950, he moved to Toledo, Ohio and eventually opened García's Dry Cleaners and Tailor Shop in the Old South End where he was a master tailor. He worked for several clothing stores in Toledo including Tiedke's. In 1978 he returned to Kerrville with his wife, Mary and his sons, Edward and Eli where he continued his tailoring business until his retirement. Among his traits, Exiquio had an insightful sense of humor and was a resourceful man who believed in pursuing ones dream and making good use of ones time and talents. He was a loving father and will be sorely missed. His ashes were interred at the Fort Sam Houston National Cemetery in San Antonio, Texas. Exiquio is survived by his wife, Mary of 54 years and sons, Edward (Bobbie) and Eli (Lupe); sons, Raymond (Espe) and Exiquio, Jr. (Marylou) whose mother was Esperanza Gutiérrez (deceased); sons, Robert (Maureen), Richard (Kathy), and Raul (Pat) whose mother was Alicia Gonzáles (deceased). In addition, he is survived by his brother, Evodio García (Dora); sisters, Felicitas DeAnda (Lupe), Jaunita Vargas and Susie Portiflo (Pete) and many grandchildren and great-grandchildren. He was preceded in death by brothers, Francisco García (Christine), Frank Juárez (Mary) and sister, Luisa Ayala (Santana). LOUIS J. LÓPEZ Louis J. López, 94, of Lorain, OH, died Saturday, Oct. 14, 2006, at Community Health Partners Hospital, Lorain, following a short illness. He was born Aug. 20, 1912, in Michoacán, México. He lived in Texas for a short time before moving to Lorain in 1924, where he has lived since. López was employed at U.S. Steel's Lorain Works as a scalfer for 33 years, retiring in 1973. He enjoyed writing to area newspapers and to local, state and federal governments. He was a member of United Steel workers Local 1104 of Lorain. Survivors include his sons, David López, Patrick López, Christopher López and John López, all of Lorain; daughters Isabel Velazquez of Lorain and Alicia López of Steubenville; and seven grandchildren and five great-grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his brother, Felipe López; and a sister, Mercedes Lupe. HELEN P. OSOWIK Helen P. Osowik died Friday, October 20, 2006, in Aspen Grove Assisted Living, Lambertville, MI, at the age of 88. She was born March 25, 1918, and was the last surviving child of Louis and Tekla Billick's eight children. Mrs. Osowik worked at Sheraton Westgate, retiring in 1985, and spent most of her time enjoying her family. She is preceded in death by her son, John and is survived by her sons, Dennis (Carol) and Thomas (Rosmarie) Osowik; and grandsons, Michael, Peter, Charlie and Frank Osowik. FRANCISCO L. RAMIREZ Francisco L. Ramirez 36, of Winter Haven, FL and formerly of Findlay, OH, passed away on Sunday, October 15, 2006 at 5:30 p.m. Frank was born on July 30, 1970 in Findlay, OH and graduated from Findlay High School in 1989. He is survived by his beloved mother and stepfather, Norma (Mike) Foreman, Huntertown, IN; his father, Mario Ramirez of Pandora, OH and a daughter, Alexis H. Ramirez of Leipsic, OH. He is also survived by a brother, Isreal and two sisters, Christina Ramirez and Blanca (Dan) Myers, all of Findlay, OH. Frank was employed at Buckhead Beef in Auburndale, FL as a meat cutter. He enjoyed NASCAR racing, watching football, and fishing. He was quick to smile and offer a lending hand. He touched many lives and will be greatly missed by his family and friends. JULIA AYALA REYES Julia Ayala Reyes, 68, of Lorain, died Tuesday, Oct. 17, 2006, in Golden Acres Nursing Home, Amherst, following a lengthy illness. She was born Dec. 22, 1937, in Sabana Seca, Puerto Rico. She moved to Lorain in 1960 and to New Briton, Conn., in 1978, returning to Lorain in 1993. Mrs. Reyes enjoyed singing Puerto Rican folk songs, camping and bingo. She was a member of Sacred Heart Chapel, Lorain, and a helper in the church kitchen. She had been employed as a housekeeper at the University of Connecticut Medical Center for 15 years. Survivors include her husband of 55 years, Ramón Reyes; son, Miguel Reyes of Columbia Station; daughter Nilda Morales of Lorain; brothers Frank Ayala of Mayaguez, Puerto Rico, Wilson Ayala of Sabana Seca and Antonio Ayala of Rochester, N.Y.; sisters Juana Ayala and Luz Virginia Ayala, both of Sabana Seca, and Severiana Ayala of Rochester; and two grandsons. She was preceded in death by her parents, Luis and Natividad (née Pérez) Ayala, and several brothers and sisters. CRUZ G. RUIZ Sr. Cruz G. Ruiz Sr., 85, of Toledo, OH, passed away Friday, October 20, 2006, in his home. Cruz was born in Chihuahua, México on May 3, 1921, to Salvador and Josefina (Gallardo) Ruiz. Mr. Ruiz was employed by Doehler Jarvis, retiring in 1978. He also was a member of Sts. Peter and Paul Church. Cruz is survived by his daughters, Mary (Enrique) Canales, Josephine Gartee, Alisia (Tony Navarro) Ruiz, Rita (Francisco Vásquez) Ruiz, and Isabel "Kitty" (Harold) Young; sons, Abelino (Jeanne), Guadalupe (María), Pedro (Estella), Tony and Cruz (Nancy) Ruiz Jr.; brothers, Raimundo Dominguez, Tom Navarro, Abelino, Timio, Salvador, Santos, and George Ruiz; sister, Angelina González and numerous grandchildren and great-grandchildren. He was preceded in death by his parents and wife, Isabel. Our readers are free to submit obituaries via email at: latinoprensa@yahoo.com at no cost to the reader. 2005-6 Obituaries also available online at www.laprensal.com. Gracias! Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Obituaries, 25 October 2006 Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource October 25, 2006 Language A language of the resource English https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/9677d5e319b39d21376ca0212782b3d5.pdf 4d09d1a88468101b7ee002dd3224cb94 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document For as long as residents can remember, the past city administrations have never appointed a Latino director to any city department in the history of the City of Lorain. Finally Mayor Chase Ritenauer, with a long awaited decision, has broken the glass ceiling. On Tuesday September 10, 2013 at the meeting of the Civil Service Commission held in City Council Chambers the mayor sent a glowing letter requesting the appointment of Mr. Rey Carrion as the new Director of the newly reorganized Building, Housing, and Planning Department. In his letter. Mayor Ritenauer expounded the diligent, hard working ethics of Mr. Carrion and credited his work on the new Lorain County Land Bank that has brought in needed dollars for all of the new demolitions going on about the City of Lorain. The mayor's letter stated: "Put in an impossible situation and a mess he did not create, it is my firm belief that Mr. Carrion has earned the opportunity to lead....With a new department, refined objectives, and a leader who, when the times got to be the toughest, grinded it out in circumstances that were set up for failure, Mr. Carrion performed admirably." For the past 3 years, Carrion was the Acting Director of the City Community Development Department, a department that was reorganized and merged with the City Building Department. Rey Carrion was born in 1966 in Rio Piedras Puerto Rico, a suburb of the capital city San Juan; it is also home to main campus of the University of Puerto Rico. Carrion came to Lorain with his family, following in his grandfathers footsteps, who was recruited by US Steel to come work in their Lorain plant about 1947. Also keeping with his father's tradition who was the Director of Economic Development for the City of Hato Rey Puerto Rico Mr. Carrion received his Bachelors of Science in Technology; majoring in Architectural/Environmental Design at Bowling Green State University, while his father's Bachelors degree was in Business Administration at the University of Puerto Rico. His mother earned a Bachelors of Fine Arts in Puerto Rico, she had her own art studio and taught classes in the arts. Also she ran her own kiosk and sold her art in La Plaza de las Américas in San Juan Puerto Rico. Carrion began school in Lorain in 7th grade at the old Whittier High School in South Lorain; he graduated from Southview HS and went on to graduate from Bowling Green State University. He had to put his degree on hold as he met and married Orquedia with which he has two children, Rey Jr. and Alexis. Carrion returned to his studies between working at City Hall, raising a family of four, and traveling weekly to campus. Since about 1992, in one position or the other, Mr. Carrion started his career at the Lorain City Administration Department as an intern and slowly worked his way up to junior planner, to project manager, to construction manager; and then in 2011 he took on the duties of Interim Director of Community Development. Now, by appointment, the first Latino Director of Building, Housing and Planning at the City of Lorain. Another first for the Latino population in City of Lorain which has grown to approximately 25 percent of the total population. Carrion said he was relieved that the temporal status was finally resolved and now he can continue to do his best to help Mayor Ritenauer put into practice some elements of the somewhat forgotten Staubach Report, commissioned many years ago but shelved to collect dust. This report highlighted the major obstacles that are hindering the progress of the City of Lorain. Some of the problems noted are the infrastructure: roads, buildings, blight, and the relocation of the city water treatment plant. He stated that Lorain City School District has now the most modern buildings and up-to-date systems in the State of Ohio. Soon the district will move out of its' current status with the Ohio School System and get back to improving the lives of the local students who attend school here. As far as infrastructure, Carrion commended the mayor: "The mayor is doing a difficult job of fixing the infrastructure; he has got the roads problem on track, the high tension lines are being rerouted, new water and sewage lines are being replaced." "We need to fix and remove these obstacles to move the city forward along with our school system, which is an important indicator of the livability, educated workforce, and future growth of a city." Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource First Latino Director in Lorain City Administration Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Antonio Barrios Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 20, 2013 https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/10afe59bf9b37d79243b10bc447c4d66.pdf 88c395e6dc81b7c5f0198e529a589f34 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document I was born in Ponce, Puerto Rico but I've lived in the United States since I was four years old. Either because I've been too busy or because I've lacked the funds, I've never revisited my country. In my home, we may only speak Spanish, eat arroz con habichuelas often, and even watch las telenovelas on the Univision Network, but this past week put me in greater touch with my Puerto Rican heritage. For this year's Lorain International Festival of June 21 - 28, 2009, the spotlight nationality was Puerto Rico. I'm still amazed how many Puerto Ricans of Lorain came together and took advantage of the opportunity to display our culture. Our culture. Something interesting happened. Father William Thaden, who was invited to the Breakfast event on June 22 and the June 24 gala event for the invocation and benediction, said he often found himself in "slip-ups" when referring to the Puerto Rican community. He would say "We," even though he's not Puerto Rican. He explained the Puerto Ricans had welcomed him so dearly that he now felt part of the community. Lorain City Council President Joel Arredondo mirrored his words when he said "I know I'm Mexican but living in Lorain everybody feels they are Puerto Rican one way or another," he said. Precisely the way the Puerto Rican community has embraced so many members of other ethnicities in Lorain emboldens the pride in my culture. The members of the Puerto Rican Cultural Committee were all strangers to me when I went for my first interview, but by the end of the week I felt so welcomed; they felt like friends-like my extended family. Música The music brought me to nothing less than awe. The Puerto Rican folkloric dances of plena or bomba and even the boleros sang by the trio "Los Tres Sonidos" left me speechless. I may not have grown up listening to the folkloric sounds of the island, but hearing ing the cuatros, the guiros, and the maracas moved me to a powerful feeling of reverence. I felt like those sounds were always a part of me. I wanted to soak up all the sounds. I wanted to savor every second of it. Carlos I. Montes, who was honored at the gala for his service in the Korean War while in the 65th Infantry, said the music of Puerto Rico is what he loves the most about the island. He said he also loves "el ambiente" and the great camaraderie of Puerto Ricans. I told him that I - even though I have no clue how-that I would visit Puerto Rico very soon. Montes advised me to visit the center of the island to get the full experience and witness the "jibaritos" work. That they are very humble but have great love and courtesy for others. I am also amazed at the story of the first generation of Puerto Ricans to arrive in Lorain. Eugenio "Gene" Rivera, a clinical social worker in Connecticut, explained that "genesis." My grandfather, Antonio Rivera, was one of those Puerto Ricans who traveled to Lorain after serving in World War II and constructed a small house in an area known as "El Campito." My grandfather also worked the steel mills at the Lorain plant My grandmother, María Rivera, attended the Sacred Heart Chapel - the religious foundation for the early Puerto Ricans. The early Puerto Ricans to settle in Lorain were hard working, family-oriented, and religious individuals, who took great pride in their heritage - much like the Puerto Ricans of today. Lorain Mayor Anthony Krasienko said at the gala " Our city is so enriched because of the Puerto Rican culture." I was enriched with the festivities that educated my community and honored my culture. And just like the numerous Puerto Ricans of Lorain expressed this past weekend repeatedly, I too am proud of my rich Puerto Rican heritage. I can't wait to visit my "isla del encanto." Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "More in Touch with my Puerto Rican Heritage" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ingrid Marie Rivera Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource July 3, 2009 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/d8e590038bffb6d97ea153b5f5398bd5.jpg fc62682d43bb405324269ac5132cbf37 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photo Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maggie Rivera-Tuma, speaks as part of the annual meeting of Neighborhood Alliance on June 28, 2018 Description An account of the resource Maggie Rivera-Tuma stands at the head table in a banquet hall behind a tabletop lecturn bearing the Neighborhood Alliance logo. Attendees are eating dinner at tables throughout the room and listening to Maggie Rivera-Tuma speak. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Richard Payerchin Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available The Morning Journal Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 29, 2018 Type The nature or genre of the resource Photograph https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/9f0c72e61992d78325357558531a1a72.pdf 8cad28e1d8d36df3cc64b90ffcb0d935 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document NEW YORK CITY, NY: The National Puerto Rican Day Parade (NPRDP) announced on January 25, 2017, that the Puerto Rican community in D/rain and Cleveland, Ohio will be the honored stateside community at the 60th Annual National Puerto Rican Day Parade, which will march up New York City's Fifth Avenue on Sunday, June 11. 2017. Approximately 57,000 people of Puerto Rican descent reside in Lorain and Cuyahoga counties, accounting for over half (55 percent) of Ohio's total Puerto Rican population, which ranks 10th among all states in size. "We selected the Lorain and Cleveland community to shine a spotlight on a robust and resilient Puerto Rican community that can often been overlooked when compared to the larger communities in New York City, Chicago and Orlando," explained Louis Maldonado. NPRDP Executive Board Member. "This community has helped shape and add dimension to our collective history and achievement, and we are excited to help tell their story in this milestone year," says Maldonado. Puerto Ricans began migrating to Lorain and Cleveland in the late 1940s to work at the steel mills and other manufacturing-based businesses in the area. Their numbers grew significantly in the 1950s and 1960s, as local employers recruited workers from Puerto Rico, noting the strong work ethic and performance of their Puerto Rican employees. The Lorain/Cleveland Puerto Rican population has evolved and persevered, growing 11 percent bet ween 2010 and 2014 according to the U.S. Census Bureau. According to Maldonado and the NPRDP press release, "from a cultural perspective, the community has successfully preserved Puerto Rican traditions and values, driven by its geographic concentration, strong political organization, and the cultural institutions and churches that served to unify and empower the community. The Northeast Ohio Puerto Rican community takes pride in this rich cultural and political tradition." "Our community is honored to be recognized this milestone year, and we look forward to contributing to the next chapter in the Parade's long history of service to the Puerto Rican community," said local Co-Chair and Lorain Councilman Angel Arroyo II. "As we prepare to officially kick off our planning this Friday, we are both eager and excited to highlight our local institutions in Northeast Ohio." Editor's Note: The 60th Annual National Puerto Rican Day Parade will take place on New York City's Fifth Avenue, Sunday June 11, starting at 1 lam. The event will be broadcast live on WABC-TV (Channel 7 in NYC) and streamed online at www.abc7nv.com. The television broadcast will begin at 12pm through 4pm. For more information about the Parade, participant applications. Scholarship Fund, and other data, visit www.nprdpinc.org. La Prensa photos on page 1 illustrate the Puerto Rican pride and population via annual parades and festivals, as co-sponsored by various organizations in Lorain and Cleveland such as Puerto R ican Home (Hogar Puertorriqueño) in Lorain and the Julia De Burgos Cultural Arts Center in Cleveland. Visit: www.juliadeburgos.org/ Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource 60th Annual National Puerto Rican Day Parade honors Lorain and Cleveland, June 11th Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 26, 2017 Language A language of the resource English https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/4967c8c472ec1cc82b061e5b045a08d6.pdf 03be1ea1b08ba5f142578d12782c7851 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document By La Prensa Staff With the prospect of losing a Latino voice on Lorain City Council, a community activist is stepping forward to run for an available seat in the May 7, 2019 primary to ensure representation remains in place. Antonio Barrios recently announced he'll seek a city council seat. The Lorain resident of Puerto Rican descent has been very active within the Lorain County Democratic Party, serving as a member ofthe party's central committee. As 2nd Chair of the county party, Barrios also serves on the executive committee. Although he is running for an at-large city council seat, much of his political experience is based in his own neighborhood-serving as the 5th and 6th Ward area leader and as precinct committee person in the 5th Ward. Those roles are instrumental in grassroots get-outthe-vote campaigns for Democratic candidates. He started 15 years ago with a group known as Reclaim Lorain, after seeing some inner-city wards get neglected in favor of more affluent areas of the city. "I want people to understand-I'm not the Wizard of Oz," he said. "I'm not coming in with a magic wand and abracadabra and all of a sudden everything's fixed. But I'm coming in with a passion and love for this town I grew up in. I was here in its heyday. I know what it was and can be. We can retool and remodel ourselves and do other things differently. We're right on the brink of making that leap." Barrios, 71, recently launched a Facebook page for his candidacy under a theme of "knocking down walls to unite the people, " a direct reference to repeated attempts in Congress by President Trump to get funding to build a wall along the Mexican border to control immigration. "Now is the time to create unity and I believe that all residents together, can make changes happen for the good of all citizens of this international city," Barrios wrote on his Facebook page. "In this moment of chaos and confusion, it is of dire importance that cooler minds prevail and that we focus on knocking down the walls that have been created to divide the people. We must make room for healthy dialogue which will be the best path for communication and uniting the people." Longtime Lorain City Council President Joel Arredondo recently lost a bid to be appointed as a Lorain County Commissioner, which is considered a fulltime elected office. The Lorain County Democratic Party central committee instead chose Sharon Sweda for the appointment from a six-candidate field. She recently ran unsuccessfully for a seat in the Ohio Senate. According to Barrios, one in five Lorain residents is Latino. He believes the elected political representation should reflect the makeup of the community, so their voice is heard on issues. There are two other Latino Lorain city councilmen, but Angel Arroyo is not running for re-election. Barrios and another Latino candidate, Ray Carrion, if both are elected, would increase the Hispanic influence in city politics. Barrios is running for at-large seat because he wants to see more sections of the city get attention. For example, he believes the momentum of the current downtown development should be moving at a faster pace. "We should be putting more assets and whatever we have as resources into making that the place of destination. We should be working a lot more on that," he said, while emphasizing the arts could be a catalyst for more businesses to locate there and increase tourism. As executive director of the Lorain Arts Council, Barrios is very active in the northern Ohio arts scene. He was instrumental in the unveiling last September of a large veterans' mural in the downtown area, a five-month project designed to help veterans cope with their post-war struggles and find their purpose through art. Veterans went through instruction in painting, water colors, and drawing-then created wooden paddles depicting various "stories." Barrios also hosts the weekly "Sabor Latino" radio show on WDLW Kool Kat Oldies 1380AM and 98.9 FM, a three-hour program focusing on current issues facing the Latino community. Interspersed in discussion and interviews is throwback "Jibaro" music. Barrios even finds time to be a small business owner with FrameWorks, which focuses on photography and video. Barrios has served as president of the Puerto Rican Culture Committee and vice president of the Coalition for Hispanic/Latino Issues and Progress (CHIP), an advocacy group working to ensure there is growing Latino influence in the political and economic landscape ofnorthern Ohio. Barrios was born in Santurce, Puerto Rico, but moved to Lorain at the age of four with his mother and siblings. His father preceded the family to northern Ohio as part of the first group of 500 Puerto Rican men brought to Lorain to work in the steel mills. He grew up in a lowincome, working-class neighborhood ofmostly sugar cane workers before his family settled in Lorain. Their life stateside started in the basement of a friend's house. He worked as a young boy picking produce in the fields, while his family sent him to Catholic schools through the eighth grade. He moved to public school and graduated from Lorain Admiral King High School, then attended Lorain County Community College for an associate's degree in computer technology and Cleveland State University, where-when time permits- he is working towards obtaining a bachelor's degree in film and digital media. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Antonio Barrios: Lorain Latino seeking City Council seat Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource La Prensa Staff Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource March 29, 2019 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource newsletter https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/70cd783df5db97568d6803fd9c9aabe5.pdf efe6ebfb1f94de7ed201709dfd85c6aa Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Maggie Rivera-Tuma, 35 Vice president, community development consultant for northern Ohio, PNC Bank "I've learned throughout life to shoot higher than you think you're worth. Shoot for the moon. If you miss, you'll land among the stars." Recalling a childhood spent in poverty, Maggie Rivera-Tuma said she never thought she'd become the successful banker she is today. Rivera-Tuma grew up poor and spent a few years homeless. She lived all across the country — not by choice — and attended 23 different elementary schools before finding some stability in Elyria, where she lives with her own family today. After high school, Rivera-Tuma took a part-time teller job with PNC Bank. Her drive and thoughtfulness didn't go unnoticed, and she progressed through the ranks. Now, she's a vice president and community consultant for Northern Ohio for the bank, a role that lets her help those who've come from backgrounds like hers. "Never in a million years had I dreamt I'd end up in banking. I just sort of fell into it," she said. "But I feel my journey has taught me and invigorated me to be in this position to connect with the community in a meaningful way." Rivera-Tuma works closely with people, nonprofits and other organizations in the local low-income community. As a working mom who sits on five boards, including the Hispanic Business Center and the Cleveland Housing Network, she's motivated by helping people who struggled like she once did. It's qualities like that which not only make her an asset in the bank's community development efforts, but inspires her colleagues, said Rivera-Tuma's mentor at the company, PNC COO Kristen Baird Adams. "What impressed me most about Maggie is she does not forget where she came from, and took a really tough situation and with a whole lot of determination and a little grit and a lot of passion, created and paved the path to where she is today," Adams said. "She's building an amazing career and has a lot of runway ahead of her." Rivera-Tuma is used to creating her own opportunities, wanting to be "at the top of every chart." When she moved into more-management based roles at the bank, she said she learned to tailor her behavior and hone a leadership style that allows her to work more effectively with others. While she's ultimately driven by a yearning to help others, her other passion is her family. "My ultimate goal in life is to lead my child in a place where they have a strong platform to build on to go farther than I ever could," she said. — Jeremy Nobile Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Crain's Cleveland Business - Forty under 40 Subject The topic of the resource Maggie Rivera-Tuma Description An account of the resource As a member of Crain's Cleveland Business Forty Under 40 in 2017, Maggie Rivera-Tuma is highlighted in this short biography focusing on her rise to a business and community leader after experiencing adversity and a period of homelessness during her childhood. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Jason Miller Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Crain's Cleveland Business Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available Crain's Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2017 Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Bethany Tober Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource PDF Document https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/02fe1120a865301267ea62dd752aa160.pdf b79b3ca91b479d15196b5ed232820e63 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document LORAIN: "La tierra de Borinquen, donde he nacido yo, es un jardín florido de mágico primor..." Ataste of Puerto Rico's rich traditions-its music, food and culture - were all celebrated in South Lorain this past weekend when the local Puerto Rican Home Club hosted its 14th annual Boricua Festival and 4th annual Puerto Rican Parade, Sept. 16-17, 2011. The festival featured a Latino Art show and silent auction, folkloric music and dance by Julia de Burgos' dance group Isla del Encanto, raffles, domino games and a Talent Show Saturday. Roughly 100 people attended the club Friday, said Julie Ortiz, the club's secretary. Dozens of people lined up to watch the parade Saturday afternoon, many carrying Puerto Rican flags or displaying their Puerto Rican pride on T-shirts, hats and banners, The parade welcomed floats filled with artists performing the cherished music of the island. Grupo Los Maximos, a reggaeton group from Lorain, performed their original song "Puerto Rico" atop El BoriMex club's float. One group marched and chanted "Stop deportations. Keep families together." Like any Puerto Rican parade, there were no shortage of a variety of cars, trucks and motorcycles. Some spectators wondered why there was a Puerto Rican parade and not a Mexican parade in South Lorain on Sept. 16-Mexico's Independence Day. But for the Santiago family watching the parade, the day was a double special treat. Marylou Ornelas watched the parade near Pearl Avenue with her daughter Emily Santiago, 8, daughter, Gabriela Santiago, 11, and son, Pedro Santiago, 13. They are proud of both their Puerto Rican and Menican heritage. The Santiagos' three cousins including Jayden Santiago Ott, 9, joined them, and they were waiting for more family to turnout for the parade, Emily, Gabriela, Pedro and Jayden said they would love to learn more Spanish and visit their Puerto Rico and Mexicosomeday.andlisted their favorite ethnic foods. Among their Puerto Rican favorite dishes they listed rice, pernil (pork) and alcapurrias; among their Mexican dishes: tacos, they said in unison. And that is the festival's exact purpose: to teach and reacquaint both the young and old with their Puerto Rican culture, in addition to serving as the home's main fundraiser. Evelyn Vasquez, one organizer for this year's pageant for the Puerto Rican home, said she wants the young to learn their culture. Eight girls are competing in the 2011 pageant, Running for Miss Chiquitita are Nahivelys Matrero and Ajaysha Quiñones; Running for Princesa are Nadia García and María Pedraza; and Running for Reina are Quirena Olivencia, Rose Sánchez, Jaileene Sánchez, and Bianca Cruz. The 5th annual pageant will take place Oct. 8, 2011 at the home, and will feature a talent portion. "The girls are doing so well. They are learning about their culture, learning dances of Plena and Bomba, learning how to speak Spanish," Vásquez said. She added that she wanted to thank the previous organizer of the pagcant, Nidia Silva. "She did a wonderful job for the last four years." Nidia Silva and her husband, Juan Silva, former President of the Puerto Rican Home, had organized the Boricua Festival for many years. This year, the Puerto Rican Home welcomed a change in leadership. Its new officers include President Mon Rivera, Vice President Million Medina, Treasurer Rosie García, and Secretary Julie Ortiz. Juan Silva previously said it was time for him tostepasidefromhisleadership position but that he would continue to help the Latino community in other ways. Richard Romero, magazine editor and writer, joined the Puerto Rican Home's leaders and helped provide funds for the festival's entertainment this year. Romero said he wants to help the ethnic clubs. "Many ethnic clubs are closing up because they can't survive in this economy," Romero said "A lot of people don't have the opportunity to go to Puerto Rico, so let's bring the culture to them," he said. To see video coverage of the Puerto Rican Parade log onto La Prensa's YouTube Page: http:// www.youtube.com/user/ LaPrensaWeekly In honor of Puerto Rico, here is its National Anthem, Himno Nacional de Puerto Rico, "La Borinquena." http:// www.youtube.com/ watch?v=Ds8txCOwLuc La tierra de Borinquendonde he nacido yoes un jardín floridode mágico primor. Un cielo siempre nítidole sirve de dosely dan arrullosplacidoslasolasasus pies. Cuando a sus playas llegó Colónexclamó lleno de admiración:" Oh!, oh!, oh!, ésta es la linda tierraque busco yo. "Es Borinquen la hija, la hija del mar y el sol, del mar y el sol, del mar y el sol, del mar y el sol, del mar y el sol. The land of Borinquenwhere I have been bornis a flowery garden of magical beauty. A constantly clear sky serves as its canopy and placid lullabies are sung by the waves at its feet. When at her beaches Columbus arrived full of awe he exclaimed," Oh!, oh!, oh!, this is the lovely land that I seek. "Borinquen is the daughter, the daughter of the sea and the sun. Of the sea and the sun, of the sea and the sun, of the sea and the sun, of the sea and the sun. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lorain's Boricua Festival celebrates Puerto Rican traditions Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ingrid Rivera Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 23, 2011 Language A language of the resource English and Spanish Type The nature or genre of the resource newsletter https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/f99b5025d1ff4744f6553a641a44ecf2.pdf 29e421741c4d648185fee48e75b1900f Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document LORAIN: Several Puerto Ricans have worked tirelessly to guarantee the cuatros and maracas play very loudly this summer. The Puerto Rican community has been chosen as the spotlight nationality for this year's Lorain International Festival, June 21 - 28, 2009. For months, a group of Puerto Ricans have been mobilized through the Puerto Rican Cultural Committee to create events that will honor the Puerto Rican traditions throughout the weeklong festivities. The 43rd annual International Festival and Bazaar celebrates a wide array of cultures present in Lorain better known as the "International City." Puerto Ricans make up about 20 percent of the population of Lorain. Being spotlighted provides the nationality a great opportunity to showcase the richness of its culture-it's been 13 years since Puerto Ricans were chosen for the recognition. "I'm very excited that (Puerto Ricans) got called again (to be spotlighted)," Antonio Barrios, PRCC chair said, "It's a very precious moment. It's an opportunity to educate other people that don't know about the Puerto Rican community, our rich community. We're proud of being Puerto Rican and proud of being American. Most Puerto Ricans are very excited," said Barrios, of Santurce, Puerto Rico. Terri Soto, President of the Lorain International Association and of both Puerto Rican and Mexican background, said it was an honor to spotlight a group that are "hard workers and very family-oriented," she said. PRCC, with roughly 20 steady members, has done much more than simply provide ideas to the Lorain International Association; instead, they have organized and searched the sponsoring for their events, Barrios said. Since its inception last October, members of PRCC have been planning fundraisers, scheduling the entertainment, selecting the speakers, and choosing the foods. Among their fund-raisers were wine tasting events and the Arts and Crafts event held at the Puerto Rican Home, where cuatros painted by local artists were sold. Barrios said the two most significant and biggest events planned and sponsored by PRCC are the Boxing program featuring Wilkins Santiago and others from Freddy's Boxing Club on June 20 and the Elegant Evening of Culture that celebrated the Puerto Rican culture on June 24, 2009. Among the many subcommittees of PRCC, José Pepe Rivera, a DJ for an Oberlin radio station, has been assigned to lead the entertainment selections and play the cuatro, and Maria Córtez-González, secretary of the Puerto Rican Home, was chosen to lead the design and creation of PRCC 's float to be presented in the International Festival parade. Some members of the group, who have met every Thursday, said planning so many activities has been challenging but rewarding. Boxing Tim Carrion, a Lorain business owner and organizer of the Boxing event, said getting several individuals who are all leaders to work together was the most challenging part when being involved with PRCC. "This only comes around once in a couple decades and I wanted to make this spotlight event a success for our community," Carrion said about his decision to help PRCC. "Even though everyone has different opinions, everyone has come together to meet one goal, "Carrion said. Richard Romero, chairman of the Ohio Commission on Latino Affairs and member of PRCC in charge of organizing the LIA Breakfast for June 22, said the current economic state posed a challenge for the group. "I think the economy has put a damper but it has put us in a situation to be creative," Romero said "We're thinking outside the box when coming up with ideas. We would have liked to bring some national stars but we're bringing the locals. We decided to make Lorain our Puerto Rican Island," Romero said. Although PRCC was newly created last year to organize this year's International Festival events honoring the Puerto Rican community "rumor has it some people are thinking of keeping it running," Barrios said. Dennis Flores, Lorain city councilman and organizer of the Boxing program, said his participation with PRCC has been quite a challenge. "It's been very stressful and it's been very hard. Some members got sick and dropped out. But this group has a lot to be very proud of. We're approaching the festival, and under the circumstances...the way the economy is now, we've triumphed," he said. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource International Festival recognizes achievements of Puerto Ricans Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ingrid Marie Rivera Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 26, 2009 Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource newletter https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/e003706d1af2c29800833c52c694c333.pdf a6fda38056a13b809ad77b27e4501c6b Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document LORAIN: National Hispanic Heritage Month has begun. Lorain opened its celebrations near Lake Erie with the 3rd annual Lorain County National Hispanic Heritage Month Fest Celebration, Sunday, Sept. 18, 2011. Organized by Richard Romero, magazine publisher, editor and writer, and his team, the festival paid tribute to all Latino cultures with a great variety of ethnic cuisine, music, dance,art and all culture. Romero said roughly 1,500 people attended the festival Sunday at Lorain's Lakeview Park. "Everybody knows when it's Black History Month," Romero said "But many Latinos do not know when it's Hispanic Heritage Month. That's the reason I do this every year. It's our month to highlight the great contributions of our community and remember the great leaders who made a difference in this country. From folks in the Military to education to entertainment." Romero added "It's tough to do but it's real important. We try to do it on one day, a Sunday and we try to startat a time after most people have gone to church." National Hispanic Heritage Month begins Sept. 15 and runs until Oct. 15 every year, and celebrates contributions by Latinos whose ancestors came from Spain, Mexico, the Caribbean, Central and South America. The dates were selected because they coincide with a number of Latin American countries' dates of independence. The observation began in 1968 as Hispanic Heritage Week under President Lyndon Johnson. It was expanded into that 30-day period by President Ronald Reagan in 1988, and was enacted into law on August 17, 1988. September 15 was chosen as the start date because it is the anniversary of independence for Latin American countries Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala. Honduras, and Nicaragua. Plus, Mexico and Chile celebrate their independence days on September 16 and September 18, respectively. Also, Columbus Day or Día de la Raza, on October 12, also falls within this 30 day period. The festival featured an art gallery displaying artwork for sale by Mexican and Puerto Rican artists. Romero said the festival is funded by sponsorships and art sales. Food was provided by the Puerto Rican Home and the Mexican Mutual Society. Romero said because he wants to help ethnic clubs survive in the area, the ethnic clubs are not charged, and they are able to collect 100 percent of the proceeds of their sales for their own fundraisers. This year, Romero joined forces with the Puerto Rican Club's leaders, and he provided the cost for his event and their event's entertainment. Entertainment this year included Mexican dance group Alma de Mexico, and the Puerto Rican dance group from Cleveland's Julia de Burgos Center, Isla del Encanto; and included musical groups, Boys de Merengüe; Grupo Los Maximos, a reggaeton group from Lorain; Justo Saborit, a Latin Jazz Salsa band; and Hiram Y Su Mambo Swing, that played merengüe, bachata, salsa, and even songs in English. Romero said a hit with the crowd was the song "Puerto Rico," by Grupo Los Maximos, their original song inspired by the island's people and struggles. "They wrote it after they talked about what's going on in Puerto Rico, what the island needs, and that those on the mainland should not forget about the island. The song says don't forget the people and don't forget your culture," Romero said. The Latino Heritage Festival in Lorain mostly spotlighted the Mexican and Puerto Rican communities, but Romero said he is looking to further include the other Latino cultures in the future. Romero asks anyone representing other Latino cultures to contact him to plan for next year, he said. "A lot of people don't have the opportunity to go to Puerto Rico or Mexico, so let's bring the culture to them," Romero said. He said he is grateful for the MetroParks, overseeing Lakeview Park, and allowing him to use their venue for the Hispanic Heritage month celebrations. "We, Latinos, need to support these events when they happen," Romero said "The Hispanic community needs to have events at places as beautiful as this, as the Lake. If we have more Latinos from other Latino cultures here next year, it will be an opportunity to attract tourism." Happy independence Day! ¡Feliz Día de la Independencia! Sept. 15: Costa Rica, El Salvador, Guatemala, Honduras and Nicaragua! Sept. 16: Mexico! Sept. 18: Chile! ¡Felicidades! Que viva la raza! Que viva los hispanos y latinos! In honor of Mexico, here is part of the Mexican National Anthem: www.youtube.com/ watch?v=ipnJZ71DEV8&feature=related Mexicanos, al grito de guerra El acero aprestad y el bridón; y retiemble en sus centros latierra Al sonoro rugir del cañón. Mexicans, at the cry of war,-prepare the steel and the steed,-and may the earth shake at its coreto the resounding roar of the cannon. Ciña oh patria! tus sienes de oliva De la Paz el arcángel divino, Que en el cielo tu eterno destinoPor el dedo de Dios se escribió. Gird, oh country, your brow with olive the divine archangel of peace, for your eternal destiny was written in the heavens by the hand of God. Más si osare un extraño enemigoProfanar con su planta tu suelo, Piensa, oh patria querida, que el cielo-Un soldado en cada hijo te dio. But if some strange enemy should dareto profane your ground with his step,-think, oh beloved country, that heaven has given you a soldier in every son. Guerra, guerra sin tregua al que intente De la patria manchar los blasones! Guerra, guerra! Los patrios pendones En las olas de sangre empapad. Guerra, guerra! Enelmonte, en el valleLos cañones horrísonos truenen Y losecos sonoros resuenen Con las voces de Unión! Libertad! War, war without truce to any who dareto tarnish the country's coat-of-arms! War, war! Take the national pennants and soak them in waves of blood. War, war! In the mountain, in the valley, the cannons thunder in horrid unison-and the resonant echoes-cry out Union, Liberty! Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lorain opens Hispanic Heritage Month celebrations at Lakeview Park Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ingrid Marie Rivera Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource September 23, 2011 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English and Spanish https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/c4c5c7ced91ae9e59679cd331dcbe6ab.pdf fbcdb606778995c0155f0a2d4f2fe08b Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document With great cheers, attendees at the Lorain International Festival Breakfast June 22, 2009 voiced a shared sentiment of pride in the Puerto Rican culture. The second keynote speaker, José Feliciano, vocalized the ethnic pride the best when he emphasized "All Puerto Ricans are U.S. citizens," and when he reiterated "soy un Jibaro." The audience would reply with beaming faces and a roar of applause. As this year's spotlighted nationality went to the Puerto Ricans, this year's Breakfast would pay tribute to the Puerto Rican culture by chronicling its past, present, and looking toward its future. Loud cheers filled the DeLucas Place in the Park hall when U.S. Senator Sherrod Brown called U.S. Supreme Court Justice nominee Sonia Sotomayor humble and highly qualified. 'This could make all of you who are Puerto Rican proud and could make all us Americans proud: she has had more experience as a judge than anyone that's been nominated for the United States Supreme Court in the last 100 years," Brown said. The Breakfast had two keynote speakers-Eugenio "Gene" Rivera, a clinical social worker in Connecticut, and Feliciano, chairman of the Hispanic Roundtable. Rivera, of Ponce, spoke about the "genesis" of the Puerto Rican community in Lorain. Feliciano, of Yauco, spoke about the Puerto Ricans' current significance and future as a growing community. Rivera wrote about the first Puerto Ricans to settle in Lorain, published in the book The Puerto Rican Diaspora: Historical Perspectives. He said the first busload of Puerto Ricans arrived in Lorain in the late 1940s. Roughly 200 lived within the barracks at the Lorain National Tube and worked the steel mills. Unable to speak English and having to adapt to a new, colder climate posed a great challenge for the early Puerto Ricans to settle in Lorain. But their problems did not end there, Rivera explained. Housing was scarce, and their social and religious needs were not being met, Rivera said. But by 1954, the number of Puerto Ricans in Lorain would quickly grow to 2,700, and with growing numbers came great housing expansions. Without the approval of Lorain City Council, the early Puerto Ricans began to construct houses extending multiple streets in an area they called "El Campito." The Puerto Rican and city leaders soon resolved their legal disputes, and the housing district grew, Rivera said. La Capilla del Sagrado Corazon opened soon after, serving their religious needs. Rivera said places like the Puerto Rican Home and other organizations brought national media attention and welcomed important political and athletic figures. "Our people brought, most importantly, a culture and a history," Rivera said. The early Puerto Ricans brought a new style of music when constructing their cuatros made of different kinds of woods, Rivera said. "That is the genesis of our community. We have actually done wonderful things with very little resources," Rivera said "We honor our first generation...they laid the foundation for all of us to be here," Rivera said. Feliciano followed by emphasizing how the current political status of Puerto Rico as a commonwealth, or its partnership with the United States greatly affects and shapes Puerto Ricans. He focused his speech on trying to define who Puerto Ricans are and what they have accomplished. "Most Puerto Ricans know this but I do this for our good friends, los Americanos," Feliciano said. "Let me state this loudly and clear that all Puerto Ricans are (U.S.) citizens," he said, as the crowd cheered. Feliciano continued "U.S. citizenship is a precious asset to us, however it's something for which we Puerto Ricans have paid a very high price," he said, referring to the many Puerto Rican military men and women who have died serving in combat. Feliciano proudly described the Puerto Rican community as family-oriented, religious, and having a rich culture. He added their political and economic power as a community is growing as Latinos are the largest, and fastest growing minority in the U.S. "It's a joy to be Puerto Rican," Feliciano said, "Be assured that we love our country, both of them, and that's a paradox at least," Feliciano said. José Candelario, Lorain County Board of Elections director and of Puerto Rican descent, left the Breakfast event satisfied. "The speakers had a good connection between where we come from as a community and where we are today," Candelario, who hosted the event, said "What's exciting is for tomorrow. We still get to write that," he said. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Puerto Ricans' current and past successes highlighted at breakfast Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Ingrid Marie Rivera Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 26, 2009 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource newsletter https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/645cc0810dcc26df9af334675a5095fd.pdf bb95c30089ab3dc396f1025bab9d6ba2 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document January 7, 2018: 70-year Antonio Barrios of Lorain OH has done what many of us only dream to do-travel the world and settle in places like France and Italy to see the sites and absorb the culture. But the pangs of home eventually got the better of him- his grandkids, a more settled life. But Barrios is bringing his own past to the present to help his hometown and its inhabitants. His recent efforts only bring all of those to light, making a difference for those he knows and some he may never meet. The former model, photographer, and Vietnam vet is combining all of those. The Lorain Arts Council executive director recently received a grant from the Lorain Community Foundation to help his fellow Vietnam veterans reclaim their lives through art. Six military veterans are being paid a small stipend to help create a series of murals on the backs of buildings to promote Lorain to tourists and increase community pride. At the same time, the program gives veterans a chance to gain proficiency in job-related and life skills. The vets also help to operate the arts council's community art gallery in a recently-purchased building. "We're just giving them an opportunity to reconnect with their community, doing little projects to beautify Lorain," he explained. "We're doing artwork and putting it on the windows of the empty buildings. They feel quite good about doing something to actually help and give back. People have a lot of misgivings and misunderstandings about veterans. I find helping others is the best way to help yourself." The Puerto Rico-born arts leader even organized a benefit concert in early December at a local high school, with the proceeds going to hurricane relief on the island territory. The effort raised about $2,000. Barrios estimates 60 to 70 families have fled to Lorain to wait out rebuilding. "That's taxing the system here with the immediate influx, so I'll keep trying to help by doing different events," said Barrios. He's also working with El Centro to provide referrals to agencies willing to help those Puerto Rican families currently staying with relatives. Barrios even spends his Sunday evenings broadcasting a bilingual radio show, never spending that time relaxing or getting ready for the work-week like most people. Instead, he's helping other Hispanics relax or stay connected to their communities. Barrios is the "anchor" host in a series of Spanishlanguage shows that run 2 to 10 p.m. on the "Cool Cat Oldies" radio station. His show runs the last three hours of the programming. In addition to interviews about community happenings, Barrios plays jibaro, which he described as "old school Puerto Rican hillbilly" music. "In Spanish, that's somebody from the countryside," he said. The show can be found on 1380 AM and is simulcast on 89.9 FM. Barrios also is experimenting with broadcasting part of the show via social media on Facebook Live. He is hoping to convince the radio station owners to allow them to start web-streaming their programming permanently. Unlike the other show hosts, Barrios interviews people in both English and Spanish, hoping to attract younger Hispanics to listen. He has noticed many of Lorain's Puerto Rican families are now in their second and third generations, so Spanish is spoken a lot less often. "This is just a way to keep the culture alive. Obviously, the older guys love my show. They're always telling me they listen all the time and love it," he said. "But it's just something to not forget where you came from. That doesn't mean you can't be American. We have Puerto Rican Americans, too. If you like the music and it touches you, doesn't matter if you didn't understand the words or not. The emotion is the whole object of the communication (of the songs)." Barrios has been involved in the arts council since his return to Lorain, but became its executive director several years ago. His biggest passion the whole time was establishing a bigger presence for the arts community in his hometown, after watching other, smaller communities make the arts an important, vibrant part of their identity. "There was no place where the arts were permanently based. We came into this building on Broadway and the rest is history. We've been here seven years," said Barrios. "Last year we opted to buy the building." The first floor contains a community art gallery. Barrios hopes to establish a multicultural arts center on the second floor, which would house classes and workshops. The back of the building could eventually be home to a bistro to help fund ongoing programming. Outdoor entertainment on weekends has proven popular, which is prompting the idea of a permanent bistro. There may even be upstairs space available to use as artist lofts to hone their craft, make and create. "These are just ordinary people with jobs and families and homes. A lot of times they don't have the space to be able to sit quietly and not be bothered to create their art," Barrios explained. "We have several smaller rooms in the back we could dedicate for that kind of activity, day studios." Barrios was born in Puerto Rico, living in a small, working class neighborhood in Santurce made up of mostly sugar cane workers. His father came to Ohio to work in the steel industry, then moved the rest of the family to Lorain when he was four years old. Barrios led a rough-andtumble childhood, living as one of Lorain's first Puerto Rican families that settled in a Spanish-speaking neighborhood. He learned English mostly on his own. After graduating high school, Barrios joined his father in the steel mills for a short time, attended college for a couple of years, then enlisted in the Marines and served during the Vietnam War. Barrios came home for a short time after the war, then, moved to New York City. He joined a program for veterans who were given menial jobs to allow them to reconnect to civilian life. His job sweeping floors at a highfashion store led him to sales, and eventually a modeling career. "This was after the Vietnam War had me thinking differently, wanting to see the rest of the world," he admitted. "I was never thinking of being a model. Things happen, fell into place. I took a leap of faith, left for Europe with a one-way ticket and $100 that was in my pocket. I slept on a lot of couches, in spare rooms before I met people and learned things." Barrios spent 18 years living in Europe and working as a model. He first moved to Paris at the encouragement of friends and lived there for three years, then fell in love with the Italian countryside. He also lived in Munich, Germany, as well as Geneva and Zurich in Switzerland. "The train system there is so economical and easy to move from country to country," he said. "It was so easy to move around Europe and that's what started the wanderlust, the adventurer. That interest, that curiosity is what took me all over the world." Barrios added a GQ magazine spread to his modeling credits while living in the fashion capital of Milan. He also spent some years in Florence and Rome. To supplement his modeling career, Barrios developed an interest in the other side of the camera. He ended up studying photography while living in Italy and honed his craft. That also led him to learn the film industry as well. "I spent eight years, fondly, in Italy itself. I never even thought of that craziness at the time. I'm just a country boy from here in Ohio. I had some friends in New York who were pushing me to do it and I thought they were crazy." Barrios developed a love for art while working in Europe, especially since major art museums like the Prague and the Louvre were so accessible. "It was enjoyable and beautiful to look at. A lot of times when you were walking around the city and unemployed, you could just go into a museum and look at all of the wonderful masterpieces and forget about everything," he said. "For me, it was always a pleasure and I've grown to love art in that sense." Barrios owns a photography and video business called FrameWorks. But he admits the arts council and new arts center take up most of his time, so his business has lagged a bit as a result. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Antonio Barrios: arts director links Northern Ohio Hispanics, Vets to communities Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Kevin Milliken Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 12, 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource newletter https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/36990d41873229bbf414d1f255b32b05.pdf 377e0919573bb12e0131d7801cd455dd Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document Lorain: The Puerto Rican Home Club celebrated its 50th year anniversary with a highly successful weekend festival, Aug. 10-12, 2007, according to OCHLA Commissioner Richard Romero. According to Romero, "the Club has been planning this celebration for some time now." Current Officers of the Club are: José "Mon" Rivera (Pres.), Juan "Berto" Silva (Vice Pres.), Rosie Reyes (Treasurer), Evelyn Vázquez (Secretary), and Nelson Rosas (Chair of Activities); Counselors include: Luis "Lilo" Salva and William Visalden; Sergeant at Arms are: Raúl García, Gilberto Vásquez, and Armando Rivera. Vocal Trustees include: Milton Velásquez, Pedro Velásquez, and Armando Rivera. Photos also on page 1 and at www.laprensal.com Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Puerto Rican Home Club turns 50 Publisher An entity responsible for making the resource available La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource August 17, 2007 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource newletter article https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/1c72be1380ba38d0ab53e7fba97b5a0f.pdf 42b9842b243fb674deb1eaae33ba4f0d Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document LORAIN: Although he has never held elected office, Joel Arredondo, an activist who has long served the needs of Lorain's Latino community and community-at-large, was named president of that city's council on January 31, 2008. He joins Latino Dennis Flores on Council. And just a few weeks earlier on January 12, Arredondo was also sworn in as president of Lorain's venerable Mexican Mutual Society. The organization, which Arredondo's father and grandfather both helped organize in 1928, is celebrating its 80th anniversary this year. The Mexican community in Lorain shares a similar history with that of Toledo. The founding familias emigrated from México after the Revolution and came to the industrial Midwest in search of jobs to support their families. "My father, Apolinar Arredondo Orozco, was born in Salamanca, Guanajuato, México in 1906," recalls Arredondo. "He migrated to Lorain in 1927 and was employed for 44 years at the U.S. Steel Corp. plant in Lorain until he retired in 1971. He served as treasurer of the Mexican Mutual Society (MMS), which was founded as a beneficial society to help transition recent arrivals from México to the United States, and he served in that post for 45 years. At one time they had their own baseball team and they even brought in a band director from México." Arredondo's mother, the former Eva Zaldivar, was born in Galva, Dlinois, near the Iowa border. Her parents had immigrated to Illinois from México in 1923. She moved to Lorain where her father taught her and four of her sisters to play musical instruments. They formed a small musical group that performed at churches and parties. Eva and Apolinar were married in 1942. "She was a homemaker, a musician and an interpreter," remembers her son. Eva and Apolinar were the proud parents of four daughters and three sons. Because their parents knew and realized the importance of education, all seven have made significant educational and/or career accomplishments. Their oldest, Regina, born in 1943, holds an associates degree from Lorain Business College. Patricia Arredondo, born in 1945, is now in the provost's office of the University of Wisconsin-Milwaukee. Joel, born in 1947, earned his Bachelor's Degree in history and Spanish with a minor in business administration from Kent State University in 1971. He works in automobile sales for Sunnyside Toyota. David, born in 1950, earned his Bachelor's Degree at Miami University of Ohio in 1973 and his Master's Degree at Universidad de México in 1975. For the last eight years, he has been Director of International Studies at Lorain County Community College. Cynthia, born in 1953, earned her Bachelor's and Master's degrees in secondary education from Kent State University in 1975. Monica Graham, born in 1957, is a real estate sales consultant for Smythe Cramer in Shaker Heights, Ohio. Their youngest child, Daniel Arredondo, born in 1963, earned his Bachelor's Degree at Bowling Green State University in 1986. He currently works in food sales in Woburn, Massachusetts. Joel and his siblings have commemorated the memory of their parents through naming a food program in their honor at the Community Foundation Board of Lorain. Joel sits as a member of the board and is vice president of their Hispanic Fund. Apolinar died in 2000 and Eva died in 2003. MMS's annual Cinco de Mayo Celebrations Because this will be the 80th anniversary of the Mexican Mutual Society, Arredondo expects this year's annual Cinco de Mayo parade and celebration to draw large crowds. Already an institution in Lorain, the parade will be held on May 3. Former Councilman David Flores is coordinating the event, says Arredondo. When Arredondo was sworn in as MMS's president on January 12, 2008, he was joined by Nancy Kruman (Vice President), Rita García (Treasurer), Rubén López (Auditor), Bill Ortega (Bar Trustee), and Dolores Tenorio (Health & Wellness). The Honorable Judge Gustalo Nuñez administered the oaths at the Club. The MMS hosts a variety of charitable events in addition to the Cinco de Mayo celebrations and serves-as does the Puerto Rican Home-as one of the Latino community sounding boards. Numerous social events include the upcoming "Oldies 50-60-70's baile on Saturday, Feb. 23, 2008. Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress Although the council presidency is the first political position Arredondo has held, he says "I have always been campaigning for people including Jim Smith's recent successful campaign for the Board of Education." Arredondo has a high profile role in the Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress (CHIP) and has served as president. The group holds their next annual meeting April 28-29, 2008, at the Lorain County Community College campus. Arredondo has also enjoyed high visibility through his business ventures. After working in management for the old Burger Chef Restaurant chain and working for the city of Lorain as a loan officer, he and his brother David organized International Hot Dogs in 1980-81. They continued their food industry ventures by operating Los Panchos, a successful restaurant in Sheffield Lake from 1982 until Joel left the business in 1986. Arredondo then chose another high-profile career as the senior salesman for the Spitzer Toyota franchise, from 1986 to 2002. When Spitzer relinquished his long-term business relationship with Toyota, Arredondo moved to Sunnyside in North Olmstead. His appointment as City Council president was made by Lorain mayor Anthony Krasienko, who is married to a Latina. Arredondo says the mayor personally called him and urged him to accept the position. Richard Romero, long-time Democratic Party activist and now a member of Krasienko's inner team as Deputy Service Director, praised Arredondo and his commitment to Lorain. "I had the honor of nominating him for the Distinguished Spanish Ohioan Award through the governor's office, which he received. I am excited about him becoming council president. He has been a leader in the Latino community for a long time, especially as a leader on school issues. He has supported different programs to benefit kids in Lorain city schools. He is always at the forefront when it comes to issues of cultural and educational leadership. "He is one of the best examples of a community leader that we have to offer. I am extremely proud of him and expect good things from his leadership," says Romero. Arredondo and his wife Joyce were married in 1982. She is a compliance manager with the Lorain Metro Housing Authority and was formerly a city planner for Lorain. Joel and Joyce have two children. Joel Andrew "Andy" Arredondo, 21, is in his third year at the University of Cincinnati, majoring in physical therapy. He is a graduate of Lorain South view High School, as is his sister, María Elysse Arredondo. She is 19 and in her second year at Bowling Green State University, majoring in Sports Management. She is a scholarship recipient in the under-represented students program. During the summer, she works at NASA in Brook Park, Ohio. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "Just call him Señor Presidente: Latino Activist Joel Arredondo heads both Lorain City Council and Mexican Mutual Society" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Alam Abrams Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource February 8, 2008 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource newletter article https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/848bb8b0f2800f033862e7cebafd2665.pdf de403dd8983f21d6d0eba8d6c002f4b2 Text A resource consisting primarily of words for reading. Examples include books, letters, dissertations, poems, newspapers, articles, archives of mailing lists. Note that facsimiles or images of texts are still of the genre Text. Text Any textual data included in the document The Ohio Commission on Hispanic/Latino Affairs (OCHLA) hosted its Distinguished Hispanic Ohioan Awards Gala on Friday, April 18, 2008, at the Renaissance Hotel in downtown Columbus. Medely Ortiz was the Mistress of Ceremonies. She holds the title of Miss Ohio Belleza Latina; she is of Puerto Rican descent and originally from Boston, Massachusetts. Ms. Ortiz introduced Ohio Governor Ted Strickland, who, as he did last year, welcomed the gathering, congratulated the award recipients, and discussed briefly political events including Senate Bill 260, which he opposes, as the bill is currently drafted. Entertainment was provided by a Grupo Caribe (Dayton), directed by Sulma Rodríguez, and Mariachi Nacional (Indianapolis). The table centerpieces were created by Mario Torres, a native of Sante Fé de Bogatá, Colombia. Award recipients The Distinguished Hispanic Ohioan Award has been a part of Ohio Latino Affairs for approximately 30 years, tracing back to the Distinguished Service Awards of OCHLA in the early 1980s. Each spring, commissioners award the "DHO" to Latinos in Ohio for their exemplary service and the "Nuestra Familia" Award to non-Ohioans or non-Latinos who have in some way made a beneficial impact to the Latino community in Ohio. The 2008 Distinguished Hispanic Ohioans are: Sonia Troche, Toledo (Sonia is the executive director of Adelante, Inc., a Latino Resource Center based in Toledo. She is of Puerto Rican descent and was a former resident of Cleveland prior to her appointment as Adelante's director some four years ago. She is the mother of 3 daughters.) Victor Leandry, Lorain (Victor is the executive director of El Centro de Servicios Sociales in Lorain. He is of Puerto Rican descent and is the father of one daughter.) Councilman Joe Santiago, Cleveland (Joe is the Cleveland City Councilman of Ward 14. He is of Puerto Rican descent.) María Cruz-Lucio, Findlay (María is a program supervisor with the Ohio Dept. of Jobs & Family Services in Findlay. She is of Puerto Rican descent and is originally from Lorain.) Wanda Canales, Wilberforce (Wanda is a diversity officer with the Office of Admissions at Central State University. She is of Puerto Rican descent and originally from Lorain.) Guadalupe Velásquez, Columbus (Guadalupe is the coordinator for the New American Initiative of the City of Columbus. She is of Mexican/Cuban ancestry and is originally from Lorain.) Gilbert Silva, Amherst (Pastor Silva is the Senior Pastor for the House of Praise in Amherst. He is of Puerto Rican descent and originally from Lorain. Jason Riveiro, Cincinnati (Jason is deputy director of LULAC, Cincinnati Chapter. His countries of ancestry are Venezuela and Colombia; he is a originally from Texas.) Juan José Pérez, Columbus (Juan is an attorney, practicing in Columbus. He and his law firm, Pérez & Morris, LLC, have sponsored for five years, El Día de Los Reyes. He is of Mexican descent and a former resident of Toledo.) Tony Ortiz, Beavercreek (Tony is the director of Athletic Training Education and Sports Medicine Services at Wright State University. He is of Puerto Rican descent.) 2008 Nuestra Familia recipients were: Reverend William A. Thaden, Lorain; Mr. Tracy Nichols, Cleveland; and Big Brothers and Big Sisters of Central Ohio, Columbus. The 31st OCHLA Board of Commissioners nominated the above award recipients and consists of: Richard Romero (Chair, Lorain), Blanche Aviles Casey (Interim Vice Chair, Dayton), Michael G. Florez (Secretary, Cincinnati), Phillip Barbosa (Toledo), Simon Rodríguez (Wood County), Mary Santiago (Lorain), Humberto González (Reynoldsburg), Chris Rodríguez (Whitehall), V. Anthony Simms-Howell (Cincinnati). Toledo native Ezra C. Escudero is the executive director of OCHLA since 2003, assisted by community liaison Lilleana Cavanaugh and administrative assistant Rosario Martínez. OCHLA is a state-supported organization that advises state government on issues affecting Latino Ohioans-it connects the diverse Latino communities across the state and builds the capacity of community organizations so they may better serve its fast growing Latino population. It hosts a Web site at www.ochla.ohio.gov OCHLA is hosting a statewide Latino Legislation Visit Day on May 6, 2008 at the state capitol in Columbus. This full-day event brings leaders from across the state to meet Ohio legislators to discuss important public policy issues and dialogue about needs and opportunities faced by Ohioans. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data paper Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "OCHLA hosts annual Awards Gala" Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived La Prensa Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource April 25, 2008 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource pdf Language A language of the resource English Type The nature or genre of the resource newletter article https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/6b9c94d3c5083028e03c7527821190b2.png b2078978cde01aff20ab1739533705cc Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Rohde Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Elba Armstrong-Rivera OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rosario-Armstrong_Elba_1.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Elba Rosario Armstrong Part 1 Latino Lorain Oberlin College Library Elba Rosario Armstrong Julia Rohde 0 https://youtu.be/ARMd5Oq-fzM YouTube video 0 Introduction Alright, so my name is Julia Rohde and I'm a fourth year student at Oberlin College. I am interviewing Elba Rosario Armstrong today for the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. Latino Lorain Oral History ; Lorain, Ohio 60 Early Childhood in Lorain Can you tell me a little bit about where you grew up and what you remember about your childhood and your family? Elba discusses how she was born in Ciales, Puerto Rico, and then moved with her mother and two sisters to Lorain, Ohio when Elba was just three-years-old. They joined her father, who was already living in Lorain and working at the steel plant. 1950's ; Ciales ; Immigration ; Lorain City Schools ; Lorain, Ohio ; Migration ; Puerto Rico ; Steel Plant 183 Lorain City Schools and English Immersion And I attended Lorain City Schools on the East Side... Elba discusses her experience attending Lorain City Schools without knowing any English at the time. Bilingual ; English ; Immersion ; Lakeview Elementary School ; Lorain City Schools ; Lorain High School ; Lorain, Ohio ; Spanish 457 Memories of Lorain City Schools Could you share some memories you have being in school in Lorain? Elba discusses memories of friends and teachers in the Lorain City Schools and notes that there were not many Hispanic students in the schools she attended. Education ; Hispanic Students ; Lorain City Schools ; Puerto Rican Culture ; Spanish ; Teachers 614 Family's involvement with Hispanic community in Lorain My parents...we didn't live in South Lorain and that's where the majority of the Hispanic population lived, in South Lorain. But my father worked at the steel plant... Elba explains that she didn't &quot ; grow up&quot ; in the Hispanic community because her family didn't live in South Lorain ; however, Elba and her sisters found Hispanic community through Sacred Heart Chapel. Church ; Hispanic Community ; Puerto Rican ; Religious Community ; Sacred Heart Chapel 703 Challenges and family history of migration to Lorain Did your parents ever talk to you about some of the challenges they faced moving to Lorain and not speaking any English? Elba discusses how her mother travelled from Ciales, Puerto Rico to Lorain, Ohio with her three daughters, not able to speak any English at that time. She also describes how her parents learned English once in Lorain and the many family members she had in the city. Familial Migration ; Hispanic ; Immigration ; Lorain, Ohio ; Migration ; Puerto Rico ; South Lorain ; Spanish 861 Lorain as a thriving, industrial city And what was Lorain like as a city when you were growing up? Elba describes Lorain as a thriving city with different industries and ethnic communities. Downtown Lorain ; E 29th Street ; Industrial ; Industry ; Lorain, Ohio ; Puerto Rican food ; Shipbuilding ; South Lorain ; Spanish theatre ; U.S. Steel 1004 Family involvement in Lorain city politics And you had mentioned that your uncle owned a restaurant. Could you tell us about that? Elba describes the restaurant that her uncle owned in South Lorain and details how her uncle and father got involved in Lorain local government. family business ; Henry Cabot Lodge ; local government ; Lorain City Council ; politics ; Puerto Rican food ; Rockefeller ; South Lorain ; voting 1197 Elba's various teaching and administrative jobs in Lorain schools As you mentioned, you would eventually go on to become a teacher as your mom, it sounds like, encouraged you to do. Could you talk about the process of becoming a teacher and then maybe your first few years on the job? Elba describes the different roles she had in the Lorain City Schools and explains that her role as a teacher was when she was first able to get deeply involved with the Hispanic community of Lorain. bilingual ; bilingual program ; elementary education ; first grade ; Hispanic community ; Hispanic students ; Lincoln Elementary School ; Lorain City Schools ; parochial schools ; principal ; public schools ; Puerto Rican Home ; Puerto Rican teachers ; second grade ; South Lorain ; Spanish ; Spanish Language Arts ; Spanish-speaking teachers ; teacher recruitment ; teaching 1603 The importance of Spanish-speaking faculty in Lorain City Schools When I took these positions, I always though of how can I best help the students...in what capacity could I help them better, and parents as well. Elba discusses the value of having teachers who spoke Spanish and understood the culture of the student body. She explains that this helped the parents of students get involved and feel comfortable in the schools. African American teachers ; Bilingual education ; desegregation ; family involvement ; Lorain City Schools ; parent-teacher relationships ; Puerto Rican culture ; Puerto Rican teachers ; school community ; Spanish ; Spanish-speaking teachers ; teaching 2060 Recruitment of Puerto Rican teachers and bilingual curriculum And you had mentioned that they were actively recruiting teachers from Puerto Rico. Could you talk a little bit more about that? Elba discusses the bilingual program and the recruitment of Spanish-speaking teachers, as well as her involvement supervising and teaching in the program. bilingual education ; bilingual program ; curriculum ; elementary education ; foreign language ; foreign language pedagogy ; Puerto Rican teachers ; Spanish ; teacher recruitment ; team teaching 2364 Desegregation of the Lorain City Schools And how long were you working in the schools? Elba was principal of Lakeview when the Lorain City Schools had to desegregate. She discusses how the school system implemented magnet schools in order to desegregate. bilingual program ; busing ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress ; desegregation ; desegregation consent decree ; gifted program ; Hawthorne Elementary School ; Lorain City Schools ; magnet schools ; montessori program ; school consolidation ; school reorganization ; segregation ; student tracking 2947 The Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress (C.H.I.P.) It's hard to imagine that you had time to do work with other organizations outside the schools given how much you've already talked about and the different positions you held, but I would love to hear about some of these other organizations you were also involved with. Maybe we could start with C.H.I.P.... Elba discusses the establishment of C.H.I.P. and her role in the revival of the organization. She would eventually serve as President of C.H.I.P.. advocacy ; C.H.I.P ; Cleveland Clinic ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress ; community organizing ; discrimination ; employment discrimination ; Hispanic professional organization ; Hispanics ; labor ; LCCC ; legal ; Lorain County Community College ; Lorain, Ohio ; public health ; social services ; Spanish ; workplace discrimination 3476 The Hispanic Fund Do you want to know some of the other organizations? Elba discusses her role with the Lorain County Community Foundation, establishing the Hispanic Fund which would support different Hispanic projects and organizations in the city. community foundation ; community organization ; Hispanic community ; Hispanic fund ; LCCC ; Lorain County ; Lorain County Community College ; Lorain County Community Foundation ; Lorain, Ohio 3794 Lorain County Community College (LCCC) and the minority incentive plan Well, of course, you know, I participated at Lorain County Community College with the program for students...Hispanic students...for grants, scholarships to be able to go to school.... Elba discusses her involvement at LCCC helping Hispanic students earn scholarships and working with the college to diversify the student population. Early College Program ; Hispanic students ; LCCC ; Lorain City Schools ; Lorain County Community College ; minority incentive plan 3899 Lorain International Festival In our previous conversations you had mentioned being involved with planning the International Festival, specifically when Puerto Rico was the center. Elba discusses her involvement in planning the annual Lorain International Festival when Puerto Rico was the spotlight and notes that Lorain was known as the International City. coqui ; gala ; International City ; International Festival ; Lorain, Ohio ; parade ; Puerto Rican community ; Puerto Rican culture ; Puerto Rico 4202 The city of Lorain over the years I'm wondering if you could tell me a little bit about how you think Lorain has changed from growing up there, and then working in the schools and through these organizations, to today? Elba describes how Lorain has changed throughout her life. community ; ethnicity ; history ; International City ; Lorain, Ohio ; urban development 4477 History of Latinos in Lorain Do you feel that people in Lorain today are familiar with the city's history? Elba discusses her involvement with the Lorain Historical Society's project to do the history of the Latino community of Lorain. El Centro ; Hispanic Fund ; Latino community ; Latino history ; Lorain Historical Society ; Lorain history ; Oberlin College ; Oral history 4558 Elba's proudest moment in Lorain I have probably a tough question for you just because you've had so many amazing experiences in Lorain and been involved in so many organizations. I'm wondering if you can pinpoint what your proudest moment has been in Lorain? Elba discusses some of her proudest moments, included being awarded the Ohio Distinguished Hispanic by the governor, being a part of moving the Hispanic population &quot ; in the right direction,&quot ; her role as an educator, and being Hispanic. community organization ; education ; Hispanic ; Hispanic community ; Hispanic pride ; Lakeview Elementary School ; Lorain, Ohio ; Ohio Distinguished Hispanic ; Puerto Rico ; Sherrod Brown ; teaching 4825 Community Center in South Lorain There was another thing we did. It was started...Father Bill, our priest at Sacred Heart and Cel--because of some things that had been occurring in the city--we were closing schools, of course, because we were building brand new schools. And I was the director of the development of the new schools... Elba discusses the creation of a community center in the old Lincoln Elementary building in South Lorain. community center ; education ; Father Bill ; Hispanic community ; Lincoln Elementary ; Lorain City Schools ; Lorain Police Department ; Lorain, Ohio ; Sacred Heart Chapel ; school development ; South Lorain ; South Lorain Hispanic Coaltion 5050 Elba's motivations for her community engagement and connection to Puerto Rican roots I thought of just one more question before we wrap up. You've clearly devoted so much time and energy to Lorain through all of these organizations, and I am curious why you have throughout your entire life, it seems, felt the need to do that and where you are coming from when working with all of these organizations... Elba explains how her family's history of humanitarianism in Puerto Rico influenced her own community engagement and philanthropy in Lorain. Cialis, Puerto Rico ; coffee farm ; community engagement ; humanitarian ; immigration ; migration ; philanthropy ; Puerto Rican culture ; Puerto Rican farm ; Puerto Rican pride ; Puerto Rico ; service ; Spanish ; tobacco farm Oral history interview with Elba Rosario Armstrong for the Latino Lorain Oral History project. video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rosario-Armstrong_Elba_1.xml LL_Rosario-Armstrong_Elba_1.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0024 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elba Armstrong-Rivera Part 1 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-26 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/78b9e356d46baf974769a195e53095a8.png a02662854eb977daee8d96d854518c39 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Gina Perez Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Celestino Rivera OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rivera_Celestino.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Celestino Rivera Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Celestino Rivera Gina Perez 0 https://youtu.be/jY1mZw1CBRA YouTube video 0 Introduction to interview with Celestino Rivera. Ok, so my name is Gina Perez and I am a professor at Oberlin College and I am here today interviewing Celestino Rivera. And I am doing this as part of the Latino Lorain Oral History Project that is a collaboration between the Lorain Historical Society, El Centro de Servicios Sociales, an Oberlin Collge. Pérez introduces Celestino Rivera who is being interviewed for the Latino Lorain History Project which is a collaboration between the Lorain Historical Society, El Centro de Servicios Sociales and Oberlin College. The interview is taking place via zoom due to the coranavirus global pandemic. El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Latino Lorain Oral History Project ; Lorain Historical Society 61 Early life growing up in Lorain, Ohio. Ok, great! So let's begin talking about your early life, and if you could tell me a little about your family and where you were born and where you grew up. Rivera discusses what he describes as his different experiences growing up Puerto Rican in Lorain, including losing his Puerto Rican heritage and culture. As the son of a contract laborer who came from Puerto Rico to work in the steel mill in Lorain in 1948, he describes labor recruitment to Lorain and how he was born in the city in 1949 after he father sent for his mother in Puerto Rico. When Rivera was 5 his mother grew ill and he and his siblings were sent to a Catholic orphanage called Parmadale in the city of Parma, an experience that was frightening because he was separated from his brothers and sisters. After 6 years of living there, he lost his Spanish and lost his connection to his Puerto Rican heritage, but was then reunited with his father in a boarding house in Lorain, only to be separated from his father and siblings again and placed in a foster home in Lorain until he turned 17 years old. Sacred Heart Chapel, the local Catholic Church, played an important role in his life, from the foster family that he grew up with to his friendships with other young men who were mentored by priest from Sacred Heart. He also discusses what it was like to grow up with a Puerto Rican foster family that lived in an African American neighborhood and how that shaped him for the rest of his life and how he struggled with anger and feeling distanced from his Puerto Rican culture and his own birth family. 500 men ; African American neighborhoods ; boarding house ; Catholic schools ; company barracks ; foster home ; Joining the military ; labor recruitment from Puerto Rico ; Lorain High School ; Lorain, Ohio ; loss of heritage and culture ; National Tube Company ; Parma, Ohio ; Parmadale orphanage ; Puerto Rican heritage and culture ; Puerto Ricans ; Sacred Heart Chapel ; South Lorain ; speaking Spanish ; U.S. Steel ; white students 684 Military service I have one question: when you say you didn't fit in, did that change when you joined the military? So why did you join the military at 17 and how did joining the military make you maybe feel like you fit in or did you continue to feel like you didn't feel like you fit in anywhere? Rivera discusses the ways joining the military at 17 changed everything for him. After not doing well in school, enlisting in the military provided him the structure and discipline he says he needed and he served from December 1966-November 1969. In the military he earned his high school diploma. And while he considered re-enlisting, he also wanted to return to Lorain to be with his brothers and sisters. He speaks at length about his brothers and sisters and the kind of work they now do in Lorain. While in the military, he also became interested in becoming a police officer. Equality ; GED (General Equivalency Diploma) ; High school ; Military ; Structure and discipline ; Vietnam War 1160 Race, ethnicity and residential segregation in Lorain. So one thing you keep on saying is you talk about riding your bike around to connect with your brothers and sisters and to get away from home and school. And you also said you grew up on the African American side of town. Can you tell me a little bit about--was Lorain segregated and what was it like to be a kid riding your bike around town in those years? Rivera discusses how the city of Lorain is truly an international city, but it was segregated based on race and ethnicity. He also discusses the ways the city had many churches, clubs, and businesses catering to different ethnic and racial groups in the city. Residential segregation existed in the city, but he also describes different kinds of interactions among people across ethnic and racial lines. He also discusses the different kinds of jobs working and middle-class families. Growing up Puerto Rican and living in an African American neighborhood had an important and enduring impact on Rivera. Admiral King High School ; Campito ; ethnicty ; Ford plant ; International City ; Lexington Avenue ; Lorain High School ; Mexican businesses ; Middle-class families ; Puerto Rican Home ; race ; residential segregation ; Ship yard ; Steel plant ; Vine Avenue ; West Side 1496 Mentors and friends growing up You talk about how you didn't feel like you didn't fit in anywhere and how even though you were an A student you were in and out of school. Did you ever have any mentors or people who reached out to you who tried to show you you were smart and that you should stay in school? Or was there a mentor who told you that maybe the military was a good thing for you? So who were your mentors or did you have any mentors growing up? Rivera recalls how his truant officer, Mr. Gloriosso, was an important mentor to him and who remained a life-long friend to him. Sacred Heart Chapel with Brother Ciprian and Father Lawrence and were also important people who helped take care of him and his friends during their adolescence. He also talks fondly about his friends, most of whom also served in the military eventually, but who were regarded as a rough crowd when they were younger. Mentors ; Sacred Heart Chapel ; Truant officer 1732 Thinking of becoming a police officer So, I want to ask you about how you decided to become a police officer, but before that I want to--because I can't resist, you're talking about these friends who were a little different and then Mr. Gloriosso and how he approached you and how he could have led to your getting a police record, but he didn't. So do you think those experiences growing up affected the fact that you went into policing and how you approached being a police officer? Rivera talks about how as a young boy he thought he wanted to be writer, not a police officer. He was a big reader and would write lyrics and songs. He also discusses how his experiences in Vietnam shaped his what he thought he could do when he returned home. He was always interested in in helping people and also was influenced by the Civil Rights Movement and how his experiences might allow him to help others. After reading an article in the newspaper about Oberlin Police Chief Rob Ferber he wrote a letter asking for advice. The Police Chief suggested enrolling in the Police Science program at Lorain County Community College and he was convinced what he wanted to do. Rivera also talks about how visiting Puerto Rico after his father died and how that allowed him to connect to his birth family and how that had a profound impact on him and made him want to return to Lorain to help his community. He describes how there was an adversarial relationship with the police and his belief in transforming institutions from the inside. He also discusses the Civil Rights Movement in Lorain after he returned to Lorain in 1969 and the tensions between the police and community members in Lorain. While at LCCC he also worked at Ford which was hard and so he decided to work at U.S. Steel where he could work in the evenings and go to school in the mornings. He also discussed how much he loved LCCC and the great teacher he had. Black Power and Chicano Movement ; career as a writer ; Civil Rights Movement ; Lorain County Community College ; Oberlin Police Chief ; police officer ; Police Science Program LCCC ; police-commnunity relations ; Puerto Rico ; Student activists, University of Puerto Rico ; transforming institutions from inside ; Vietnam War ; wanting to help people 2408 Early years as a police officer Tell me a little bit about when you were a young police officer, what that was like. Were you--did you have to go to the military academy or was the Lorain County Community College the training you needed? Rivera talks about his early years in the Lorain Police Department and some of the challenge the Lorain Police Department faced. He also discussed the tense relationship between the police and the people in Lorain. He considered other options, such as the Los Angeles Police Department, but he wanted to stay in Lorain, even with all its problems. He joined LPD in 1971 when there was one African-American and one Puerto Rican an one Mexican American police department and discussed how the department changed its practices from being tough and adversarial to better relationships with the the community, especially as younger police officers joined. As a city that experienced high levels of crime, he describes how he also had a similar approach to policing that was nation-wide. But as he continued in the department and advanced in the ranks, his approach to policing changed. He discusses the ways he and others in the FOP (the Fraternal Order of Police) began to build relationships with organizations like the NAACP and local churches to improve relations between the police and the community. challenge for minority officers ; Changing the culture of the police department ; Civilian Review Board ; Community Policing ; Crime in Lorain ; Fraternal Order of Police (FOP) ; Lorain County Community College ; Lorain Morning Journal ; Lorain Police Department ; NAACP ; Narcotics ; Police Academy ; police brutality ; Police culture ; Police Union ; Police-community relations ; Professionalizing police force ; racial profiling ; Veterans and policing 3607 Transforming police-community relations in Lorain So, what were those conversations like with the NAACP and what kinds of concrete changes did you all make to try to have a different approach in policing? Rivera discusses the challenges of transforming the Lorain Police Department and the different strategies they used to improve policing and relations with the community. Some of the important changes included hiring more African American police officers, sensitivity training, and other resources to train officers better, as well as the creation of the Citizens Advisory Board for the Use of Force. The creation of Use of Force Policy was also another important change that helped transform the police force as well as developing stronger relations with organizations like the Nord Center to train officers around mental health issues. Rivera became police captain in 1983 and police chief in 1994. African-American officers ; Citizens Advisory Board for the Use of Force ; Immigation and policing ; Mental health and policing ; Nord Center ; Police training ; SWAT team ; Use of force policy 4011 Becoming police chief of Lorain Police Department So when did you become police chief?...And how did that happen? Rivera becomes police chief in 1994 and explains that for the first 20 years of being a police officer, he didn't have a great desire to become police chief and enjoyed being a police captain. But that changed when he was encouraged by fellow officers to take the police chief exam. Shortly thereafter he became police chief after the long-time chief retired, and a younger chief served until he grew ill and had to resign. Once Rivera became chief, he focused on training his officers, even with the challenges that limited their resources for training. He discusses how he wanted to build better relationships with communities in Lorain, including the African-American and Latino communities, as well as the business communities and City Hall. Rivera also reflects on how the different positions he held over the years developed respect between him and fellow officers which was key to strengthening police-community relations and how his role serving on various boards of community organizations was also key to building trust. Rivera also talks about the importance of building strong relationships with local schools by supporting school levies, developing safety plans for schools, providing school resource officers and offering funding and implementing afterschool programs. Afterschool programs ; City Hall ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress (CHIP) ; Community Foundation ; El Centro ; Gensis House ; Police Chief ; Relationships with schools ; Relationshp-building ; Respect of fellow officers ; school levies ; School resource officers 4532 Most challenging moment in career So we are almost at an hour and half, so I have two other questions for you: Could you share with me, maybe the most challenging experiences you've had in your role in the police department or as police chief or challenging moment? A specific instance? Rivera explains how when he first joined the police department, it was not the kind of police department he wanted to be a part of because it was so aggressive and enforcement-oriented. It was also tough for him as a Puerto Rican/Latino officer dealing with issues that were centered in his own community, such as closing down bolita, culturally-specific open gambling in the Puerto Rican community. He also discussed some of the challenges of supporting police who struggle with the stress of the job. Bolita and Puerto Ricans ; Open gambling ; organized crime in Ohio ; reputation of corruption ; Sucide and police ; The numbers and African Americans 4813 Proudest moment as police chief How about the thing you're most proud of in your time as police chief or working for the Lorain Police Department? Rivera discusses how when he received the Bronze Star, that was the first time he felt any sense of pride since he had failed out of school and didn't feel proud of himself. But within the police department, after 49 years, he feels truly respected and cherished by the community. He ends with reflections on the Hispanic communities in Lorain and their resilience that builds on the legacy of Puerto Ricans who arrived in 1947 and Mexicans who came in the 1920s. While Lorain used to be a thriving economic center, now it faces economic challenges that are being met with rebuilding efforts. Even though he didn't feel part of the Latino community growing up, he feels great pride being part of the community now. Bronze Star ; Economic decline ; Economic revitalization ; Faith ; housing discrimination ; Latino success ; Little Chicago ; Lorain pride ; Resilience of Hispanic communities ; Vietnam War 5198 Reflecting on relationship with Latinos in Lorain I have another question now: So tell me more about that--you talked a lot about the relationships of African Americans and policing, but what about the Latino community and how that's changed and what you feel your role has been as a police officer and police chief in supporting Latinos in the city. Rivera discusses how when he first became a police officer and worked in narcotics, he felt the need to get rid of the scourge in his community and how that changed to being more of an advocate for the community. He described the South Lorain Project that involved offering translation for Spanish-speakers and other efforts to make Latinos feel part of the community. Partnerships with El Centro were also key, as well as being explicit about including Latinos in programs like Citizens Police Academy and the Use of Force Advisory Board. He also discusses on the significance of the shift from the Puerto Rican community to serving the needs of the undocumented in the city who were afraid to report crimes to the police and how he instructed his officers not to cooperate with ICE except under specific circumstances. He ends focusing on how the past two years have seen more optimism and pride and new businesses in downtown Lorain as well as the energy of Latinos in South Lorain, including the leadership of Councilman Rey Carrion. With Latinos making up at least 30% of the population, he ends by talking about their role in this new energy and revitalization of Lorain and the new sense of hope. Part of this hope and pride is reflected in the Hispanic Veterans Memorial in Oakwood Park that has been there for 40 years and they hope will be renamed to the Ohio Hispanic Veterans Memorial. This is one of many efforts to preserve Latino history in Lorain. advocating for Latinos ; Borinkeneers ; Citizens Police Academy ; Councilman Rey Carrion ; Downtown Lorain and revitalization ; El Centro ; Hispanic Veterans Memorial, Oakwood Park ; HOLA ; ICE ; Laitno veterans and service ; Laitnos and policing ; Lakeview Park ; language interpretation ; Latino inclusion ; LOIRA ; Lorain Historical Society ; Ohio Hispanic Veterans Memorial ; South Lorain beautificaton projects ; South Lorain Project ; The Lighthouse ; undocumented community ; Use of Force Advisory Board Oral history interview with Celestino Rivera for Latino Lorain Oral History Project. video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rivera_Celestino.xml LL_Rivera_Celestino.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0019 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Celestino Rivera Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-26 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/b8990f708cb66847e71c5dc5ab7f9da9.jpg 001412e2bcf2cdc69e8026e8561e04af Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Kaytlen Cruz Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Victor Leandry OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Leandry_Victor.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Victor Leandry Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Victor Leandry Kaytlen Cruz 0 https://youtu.be/8ht4-4HFZEQ YouTube video 4 Introduction My name is Kaytlen Cruz and I'm a third year student at Oberlin College. I'm here interviewing Victor Leandry for the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. Cruz introduces Victor Leandry, Executive Director at El Centro de Servicios Sociales, who is being interviewed for the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. The interview is being done over Zoom because of the COVID-19 global pandemic. El Centro ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Latino ; Latino Lorain Oral History Project ; Lorain ; Oberlin College 63 Early life growing up in Puerto Rico If we can begin with some questions about your early life, so tell me a little bit about your family and where you grew up and where you were born. Leandry discusses how his father was in the military so he and his siblings grew up in different military bases. Leandry was born in Atlanta, Georgia at Fort Gordon and when he was five, his family moved to Puerto Rico but his father abandoned them soon after. When his family first moved to Puerto Rico, they lived in a middle to high class community, which Leandry enjoyed since it was made up of many young people and the community would get together to do things like take hikes in the nearby mountains. Then, his family had to move to public housing because his mother could no longer afford the middle class community without the help of Leandry's father. Public housing was a cultural shock for Leandry and it took him some time to adjust to the violence and the language used in this new community. Cultural Shock ; Military ; Public Housing ; Puerto Rico 291 Passion for social work But then we moved to another project. Ponce Leon, it was called Ponce Leon and just to take care of our grandma. My grandma was going to live with us and at that point when we moved to Ponce Leon all of my siblings were out of the house, it was just me and my mom and my grandma. This was when I was in high school, or starting high school, we moved to this project and this was the project that really I really enjoyed, it gave me the beginning of social work. Through these efforts, drugs started moving out of the community. When Leandry moved to Ponce Leon he joined a program where a group of male teenagers would meet with a social worker every Monday to talk about issues affecting teen males in poor communities. Leandry was elected to be the President of the group, and this started his passion for social work. Leandry was in charge of making agendas for the Monday meetings and organizing events, which got him out of the house and deeply involved in the community. Through his leadership, the group became co-ed, they took trips to different parts of Puerto Rico, held Mother's Day celebrations, volleyball and basketball tournaments, and the first haunted house in his town. Ponce Leon ; Project ; Puerto Rico ; Social Work 676 Friends, mentors, and teachers We will continue. We can jump right back into it. Could you tell me a little bit about your friends, your teachers, and your mentors that come to mind for you from your early life? Leandry talks about his friends, mentors, and teachers during his early life. He mentions his mom as one of his biggest mentors ; she was very supportive and encouraging towards Leandry's education. The social worker in charge of going to communities to talk to the teens, Machin, was also a huge mentor for Leandry. Machin pushed Leandry to be the leader that he is and imbued him with a passion for social work. Leandry also mentions a close friends he grew up with. This friend was Vice President alongside Leandry for the teen group in Ponce Leon and they are still like brothers to this day. Leandry points out that there is a poverty cycle in low-income communities that is hard to break out of. His friend and him were one of the first to break out of that cycle and leave the community, while others from the teen group in Ponce Leon took their lives, ended up in jail, were killed, or are still in the same situation after many years. While it took some many years to exit the cycle, many of them are now living in Florida. Friend ; Mentor ; Poverty ; Poverty Cycle ; Public Housing ; Social work 978 Earliest memories and college And kind of along, well I guess it's along different lines, but do you have an earliest memory? Does something come to mind as the first thing you remember about being a child or when you were younger? Leandry's early age memories are family memories of being with siblings at parties and celebrations. He doesn't have many memories about when he moved to his first public housing community because he didn't enjoy his time there and was depressed, so he chose not to remember much. However, he does have many memories about the second public housing community he lived in, where he developed as a social worker and was active in the community. Leandry would organize volleyball tournaments that lasted all day, and they were so good at volleyball that the professional volleyball team from Leandry's town would scrimmage with the youth team from Leandry's community. When Leandry graduated from high school, he was asked to coach one of the high school volleyball teams. Leandry was very disciplined and dedicated to school so he would do his homework first and then go out all night playing dominoes or doing something else in the community. Even in college and after, Leandry was passionate about organizing events and he kept a busy schedule where he would be out all day at different events and then use his car to change before going out to another event. Leandry also discusses his first job in high school and working through college. He chose to go to Pontifical Catholic University of Puerto Rico, close by to his community. Leandry wanted to go to the University of Puerto Rico, Mayagüez Campus because they were known for architecture and engineering. Leandry wanted to be an architect but he knew it would be financially difficult for his family if he was to go to Mayagüez, so he eventually became a social worker at his catholic university. Childhood memories ; College ; Community Service ; Depression ; Public Housing ; Puerto Rico ; Volleyball 1541 Moving to Lorain, Ohio When was it that you, or your family, moved to Lorain? Leandry moved to Lorain, Ohio in 1991, but he had been back and forth between Puerto Rico and Savannah, Georgia before settling down in Lorain. When he moved to Lorain, he went with $260 and a suitcase full of clothes. Leandry took nothing that would tie him to Puerto Rico, no pictures or photo albums, because he didn't want to be tempted to move back to Puerto Rico since he knew it would be hard to adjust. His first job was at the Cotton Club Company in Cleveland where he was the only Latino in his shift, and he struggled with the regulations and the monotony of the job. Along with the challenges of finding a job, Leandry also struggled with getting to know people, building a community, and acclimating to the cold weather. It wasn't until Leandry started forming a family and gaining a support network that he finally started to feel at home in Lorain. Leandry also talks about getting a job at the Nord Center, doing work he is passionate about. Through the combination of finding family, doing work he loves, and playing volleyball he was able to adjust to Lorain. Cotton Club Company ; Lorain ; Lorain, Ohio ; Mlitary ; Nord Center 2856 Taking on the challenge of El Centro And so now you've mentioned Nord Center and El Centro, were those some of the most important institutions that you've been involved with in Lorain, and were there others? Leandry discusses the different institutions he has worked with in Lorain. Between Nord Center and El Centro, Leandry worked in the schools in Lorain. When a job opened up at El Centro, he didn't want to take the job because El Centro was losing money and didn't have the best reputation. Through many people approaching him about the job, he eventually applied to be the director and took on the challenge of reforming El Centro. Leandry looks back on how big of a challenge it was to be the Executive Director of El Centro ; he faced opposition from other employees and had to work around a lack of resources. By the second year of taking on the position, Leandry built a new team and prioritized hiring people that had a personal mission tied closely to El Centro's mission. He also prioritized the quality of service provided by El Centro over the quantity of people served, and now El Centro has been recognized on the state and national level. Leandry saw that there weren't many social services in Lorain County so he began getting affiliated with Unidos U.S. to start building connections and get to know Latino leadership throughout the midwest. In 2007, Leandry became the Chair for the midwest group of Unidos U.S. and he was also on the board for Unidos U.S. El Centro ; El Centro de Servicios Socials ; Lorain ; National Council of La Raza ; Nord Center ; Social Services ; Unidos US 3835 Proudest moments So if you ask me about some of my proudest, or some of my moments at El Centro that I feel more proud, it was during that time that I was representing a national organization. Being from Lorain, hardly nobody could remember Ohio or the leadership in Ohio, and Lorain is so small, and here I was the chair of the affiliate council of the entire midwest and then I was in the board and I was so active with this national organization that people knew me and people knew El Centro. Leandry talks about his proudest moments, from changing the culture of El Centro to being a chair on the affiliate council for Unidos U.S. (National Council of La Raza). For five or six years, Leandry would open the largest Latino conference in the United States, through Unidos US. He looks back on how important it was that he had the opportunity to open the conference in front of thousands of people with many different news cameras capturing his words. Leandry is also proud of the fact that he was able to move El Centro to a new building where they had to gather $1.5 million to fix the interior and do construction. El Centro was one of the first nonprofits in Lorain County to do a capital campaign and raise money to move to a new building. El Centro ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Latino-led nonprofit ; Lorain ; Midwest ; National Council of La Raza ; NCLR ; Ohio 4591 The role of El Centro in the community What role does El Centro play in the community, I know you guys do a-lot of social services and so much work, but could you elaborate on that? Leandry talks about how El Centro is seen as a lead organization in Lorain, so many people want El Centro to be part of conversations throughout the community. While El Centro is run by a small staff, Leandry emphasizes that people know they are committed and dedicated to bettering the community in Lorain. El Centro ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Latino ; Lorain ; Nonprofit 4710 Change in Lorain And so you kind of mentioned El Centro itself as an organization having changed from the time that you were here in Lorain and have you noticed also other ways that Lorain has changed since you first arrived? Leandry looks back on how Lorain has changed and looks towards the future of Lorain. He mentions that may industries have left Lorain, so the economy has been struggling. Leandry also talks about how the schools had to constantly go through different superintendents, but now there is a new change of administration that sparks hope for the direction the schools will go in. Leandry mentions that in the past, Lorain used to have more transportation systems and routes throughout, but now there are less and less routes and systems. Economy ; Ford ; Lorain ; School ; Transporation 4891 Historical moments in Lorain And kind of along the same lines, what have been some of the most important historical moments in the city? Leandry discusses how Hurricane Maria in Puerto Rico had a huge impact on residents in Lorain and on El Centro. The schools and community had to adjust to around 300 people coming into the community at once. Another historical moment happened in 2018 when there was an ICE raid at Corso's Flower and Garden Center in Sandusky County. It was the biggest raid in Ohio and they detained and tried to deport around 114 Latinos, some were US citizens. Leandry also briefly discusses political moments in Lorain. Looking towards the future, Leandry touches on the revitalization efforts of downtown Lorain. Citizenship ; Hurricane Maria ; ICE Raid ; Lorain ; Puerto Rico ; Sandusky 5130 Challenges and Strengths of Lorain And now kind of talking more about Lorain, the city, overall. What do you see as the greatest challenge facing people in the city of Lorain today? Leandry mentions connectivity as an obstacle facing Lorain residents, he also talks about the high unemployment rate, transportation issues, and lack of senior services in Lorain. Leandry emphasizes the need for revitalization efforts in Lorain to convert all of the empty buildings. For the greatest strengths of Lorain, Leandry lists the strength of collaboration and expands on the success of the 2020 US Census. To wrap up the oral history interview, Leandry talks about his love for Lorain and his desire to keep Lorain as his home. 2020 US Census ; Lack of Transportation ; Latinos ; Lorain ; Senior Services ; Unemployment Oral History Interview with Victor Leandry for Latino Lorain Oral History Project video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Leandry_Victor.xml LL_Leandry_Victor.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0011 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Victor Leandry Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-30 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/4edb1500e2eac98a66822eed88045270.pdf faf068dae20c8bfeeb780b15faf57d55 Website A resource comprising of a web page or web pages and all related assets ( such as images, sound and video files, etc. ). Local URL The URL of the local directory containing all assets of the website https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/morning-mix/wp/2018/06/06/utter-chaos-ice-arrests-114-workers-in-immigration-raid-at-ohio-gardening-company/ Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource "‘Utter chaos’: ICE arrests 114 workers in immigration raid at Ohio gardening company" Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Samantha Schmidt Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource June 6, 2018 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource Article Language A language of the resource English Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived The Washington Post Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Kahtia Moyotl https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/1cfd972edb0a3f86edd0be1a9c63258b.png 61057c5966580f52699f80320d660cc0 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Kahtia Moyotl Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Anabel Barron-Sanchez OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Barron_Anabel.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Anabel Barron-Sanchez Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Anabel Barron-Sanchez Kahtia Moyotl 0 https://youtu.be/9V-bgWkaLTU YouTube video 0 Introduction Moyotl: So hi my name is Kahtia Moyotl, and I'm going to be interviewing Ms.Barron-Sanchez for our Latino Lorain Oral History Project. So thank you Ms.Barron-Sanchez for agreeing to have me interview you. Can you just state your age please? Kahtia Moyotl introduces Anabel Barron-Sanchez as her interviewee for the Latino Lorain Oral History project. Latino ; Lorain ; Oral History 39 Early Childhood Moyotl: So I'm just going to start off by asking you a little bit about how you grew up and where your life began basically. Barron-Sanchez: Okay, well I grew up between two countries, Mexico and the United States... Anabel Barron-Sanchez gives a brief summary of the beginning of her life journey, growing up in two countries, Mexico and the U.S. Specifically, Anabel speaks of living in Guanajuato, Mexico, as well as San Antonio, Texas. She discusses the feelings of loneliness that this unstable childhood experience has left her with as well as the financial difficulties her parents faced which prompted such a mobile lifestyle. Border ; Childhood ; Friendship ; Guanajuato ; Immigration ; Mexico ; San Antonio ; Texas 288 Family Employment Moyotl: So what did your parents do specifically, For work? Barron-Sanchez: Well my mom was a homestay mom, she never worked, she didn't know how to read or write... Here Anabel Barron-Sanchez describes her parents occupations growing up. Her mother was a stay at home mom who raised 8 children. Her father was a carpenter in Mexico but a landscaper in Texas. His labor was exploited in Texas by fellow Mexicans, Mexican-Americans, and paid $20 a day for his work. Ms.Barron-Sanchez describes how watching her father be exploited by his own people has shaped her view of immigrants and feuled her motivation for activism. Immigration ; Labor ; Landscaper ; Mexican ; Stay at home mom ; Undocumented 486 Involvement at Sacred Heart and El Centro Moyotl: I know that you do work to achieve that goal, to help other immigrants ; what specifically do you do or have you done? Barron-Sanchez: A little bit of everything ; I cannot put a title to it, to be honest... Anabel Barron-Sanchez has been involved with the immigrant services at El Centro and Sacred Heart Chapel in Lorain. She recounts how she used to drive undocumented immigrants and translate English to Spanish for them. She also delves into the pressing issue of inaccessibility to health care that undocumented immigrants face. El Centro ; Health Care ; Immigrants ; Lorain ; Sacred Heart ; Undocumented Immigrants 969 Coming to Lorain Moyotl: Who brought you to Lorain? Who came with you? How did you end up here? Barron-Sanchez: Yes, I was 19 years old when I came here to Lorain... Ms.Baron-Sanchez describes how she first found herself in Lorain with her ex partner and two young daughters. Her sister prompted the whole family to move here by explaining how there were a lot of job opportunities in Northeast Ohio. She explains how Lorain became her home through the unique community she found here. Lastly, she also describes how the undocumented experience has shaped her experience in Lorain. Latina ; Lorain ; Motherhood ; Northeast Ohio 1210 Motherhood, Employment and Machismo Moyotl: Where did you start your professional life here? What were your first jobs? Barron-Sanchez: Well my first job was flipping burgers... Anabel Barron-Sanchez goes into detail about her employment history as well as motherhood within Latino culture and how it has effected her professional life. She explains how motherhood is an unrecognized, full-time occupation specifically within Mexican culture. Lastly, she uncovers her ex partners alcoholism and abuse, leading to a transformation of her notion of family and motherhood as she took over the provider role for her family. Alcoholism ; Depression ; Employment ; Latinidad ; Lorain ; Machista ; Mexican ; Motherhood ; Single Mother ; Undocumented 1866 Getting Detained and Mental Health Barron-Sanchez: I remember thinking the day that I got stopped by the police officer in Sheffield Village was the worst day of my life... Anabel Barron-Sanchez describes the traumatic experience of getting detained by ICE after being stopped by the police while driving to work. She discusses the mental health issues she has experienced as a result of this event. Depression ; Detainment ; ICE ; Police ; Religion ; Spirituality 2137 Changes in 2020 Anabel Barron-Sanchez discusses some of the achievements shes made in 2020. 2020 ; Homeowner ; Undocumented ; Visa 2344 Lorain Mentors Moyotl: I just wanted to ask if there are any people you can think of that you saw as the most influential to your journey here in Lorain to get you to that light at the end of the tunnel? Barron-Sanchez: Oh so many people! Ms.Barron-Sanchez lists the mentors shes met here in Lorain that have guided her professionally, as well as personally, specifically in her fight against ICE and deportation. She mentions Jose Mendiola, Deb Klein, Celestino Rivera and more. El Centro ; ICE ; Immigration ; Lorain ; Northeast Ohio ; Undocumented 2795 Undocumented Activism Moyotl: Can you also share some of your most proudest moments in Lorain as a community activist? Ms.Barron-Sanchez has done a lot for the undocumented community in Lorain as an activist. Here, she describes one of the proudest achievements she made as an activist, when she and some fellow activists from El Centro came to an ICE raid to help the children left behind when their parents were detained by ICE. El Centro ; ICE ; Immigration ; Northeast Ohio ; Raids ; Undocumented 3478 Challenges for Lorain today Moyotl: So you were talking about for the undocumented community, differences in Lorain. I was just wondering if you saw any great differences in your time being here for the larger community? In this last segment Ms.Barron-Sanchez states the biggest challenge Lorain faces today from her perspective, violence. This violence includes domestic violence, but also youth violence. She also discusses some of the city's reactionary measures to this increase in violence. Domestic Violence ; East Lorain ; Lorain ; Violence ; Youth Oral history interview with Anabel Barron-Sanchez for Latino Lorain Oral History Project. video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Barron_Anabel.xml LL_Barron_Anabel.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0005 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Anabel Barron-Sanchez Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-29 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/5bab15f161a5af5f1be47bdbcad4ee30.jpg c15caf5c2eee94e2a2e2111674a515f5 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Zoe Jasper Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Maria Carrion OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Carrion_Maria.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Maria Carrion 01:02:36 Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Maria Carrion Zoe Jasper 0 https://youtu.be/9zBUmy7ezeE YouTube video 15 Introduction My name is Zoe Jasper, I'm a fourth year student at Oberlin College, and I'm here today interviewing Maria Carrion for the Latino Lorain oral history project, which is a collaboration between the Lorain Historical Society, El Centro, and Oberlin College. Thank you Maria for taking the time to speak with me and for contributing to this archive. Could you please state your full name and age? Interviewer and Carrion introduce themselves and establish that this interview is part of a collaboration between Oberlin College, El Centro de Servicios Sociales and the Lorain Historical Society, conducted online through Zoom due to the Coronavirus pandemic. Coronavirus ; COVID-19 ; El Centro ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Latino Lorain ; Lorain Historical Society ; Oberlin ; Oberlin College ; Zoom 72 Immediate Family Could you tell me a little bit about your family and where you grew up? Carrion shares the story of how her parents met, when her father was working at the steel mill in Lorain and her mother was living in Mexico. She also talks about her six siblings, where they have each ended up, and what it was like growing up in a big family. big family ; family ; growing up ; Lorain ; Mexico ; parents ; seven children ; siblings ; U.S. Steel plant 273 Puerto Rican and Mexican Heritage Last time we talked, you spoke a little bit about how your dad being Puerto Rican and your mom being Mexican had a big impact on you growing up and sort of your sense of yourself. Would you want to talk more about that? Carrion talks about how her Mexican and Puerto Rican heritage impacted her growing up. She also talks about balancing Latino and American cultural differences. She then delves into her parents' respective families and experiences of migration. American culture ; assimilation ; brother ; cultural differences ; culture ; culture at home ; diversity ; early life ; English ; ethnicity ; family ; food ; Ford Motor Company ; grandparents ; Hispanic ; identity issues ; language ; Latino ; Latino ethnic groups ; Mexican ; Mexico ; migration ; parents ; Puerto Rican ; Puerto Rico ; school ; siblings ; Spanish ; tradition 756 Higher Education and Career Path So, speaking of jobs actually, what kinds of jobs did you have, or where did you work when you were growing up? Carrion recalls working her first jobs as a high schooler and in her college years switching schools a few times because she was passionate about teaching but also interested in being able to make more money through secretarial and corporate jobs. Carrion talks about ultimately getting her degree in business, finding success in corporate jobs, but feeling unfulfilled. She discusses going to graduate school for a degree in health and human services before ending up at El Centro. She feels now that the stepping stones of her life have led her to a rewarding second career where she gets to teach and work with people of her ethnic background. 1970s ; Bachelor of Science in Business Administration ; Baldwin Wallace ; Baldwin Wallace University ; Boston ; Bristol Myers Squibb ; BSBA ; business ; career ; Caribbean ; college ; corporate jobs ; El Centro ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; executive assistant program ; Ford Motor Company ; fulfillment ; graduate school ; health and human services ; helping people ; hospital towel supply company ; jobs ; LCCC ; Lorain County Community College ; making own money ; money ; Northeastern ; Northeastern University ; pharmaceuticals ; secretary ; social services ; switched career path ; teacher ; thinking about retiring ; women's careers ; work 1180 El Centro and Religion Could you tell me more about the work you're doing at El Centro and how you got this job specifically? Carrion talks about returning to Lorain to care for her mother before she passed away and realizing she wanted to give back to her community through work in health and human services. Growing up, Carrion says that she had fewer interactions with the clients and community of El Centro because she did not go to high school in South Lorain. However, she says that church was the most important community institution for her during her early life. Since she felt limited by her family's religious lifestyle, religion is no longer a major part of Carrion's life. adding value ; Catholic ; church ; Clearview High School ; community ; community development ; El Centro ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; faith ; family ; giving back ; health and human services ; high school ; Housing and Physical Development Manager ; mortality ; mother passed away ; Princeton, NJ ; religion ; Sacred Heart Chapel ; South Lorain ; spirituality 1685 Changes to Lorain Over the Years This is sort of an unrelated question, but if you were to sort of think back to Lorain as a city more generally when you were growing up, how do you think you would describe it to young people today? Carrion describes how Lorain has changed since she grew up there and the core values that are still important to the city. She also talks about how perspectives on race and ethnicity have changed. community feeling ; core values ; early life ; education ; family ; helping each other ; industry ; kids ; Lorain ; Lorain, OH ; melting pot ; public transportation ; race ; racism ; respect ; The International City 1934 Personally and Historically Significant Moments in Lorain Could you share with me your proudest moment growing up in Lorain that you can think of? Carrion shares her proudest and most challenging moments growing up in Lorain. She also recalls moments and transitions she witnessed that were historically significant to the city. challenges ; changes ; Cleveland ; college ; degree ; education ; expectations for women ; family ties ; first gen ; first generation ; Ford Motor Company ; graduation ; high school ; independent ; industry ; industry moving out ; jobs ; leaving Lorain ; Lorain ; neighborhoods ; Northeastern ; Northeastern University ; proudest moment ; revenue ; self sufficient ; shipbuilding company ; transition 2409 Experiences Living in Other Cities Could you talk more about your experience first going to Boston and how that was different than what you might have been used to and what it was like to come home and see how things had changed? Carrion talks about her many positive experiences living in cities outside of Lorain, including Boston, Chicago, and San Juan. She also discusses the challenge of transitioning from life in Puerto Rico to Princeton. Boston ; career driven moves ; Caribbean ; Chicago ; college ; expatriate ; international experience ; job opportunities ; network ; new experiences ; positive experiences ; Princeton ; Puerto Rican ; Puerto Rico ; returning to US ; San Juan ; transitions 2803 Lorain Today and Plans for the Future So now that you are back in Lorain, what do you see as the greatest challenge facing people in the city right now? Carrion shares what she sees as the greatest challenging facing Lorain today as well as the city's greatest strengths. She then talks about her plans to live outside the US again in the future and the value of her international travels over the years. adding value ; adventure ; Barcelona ; community ; consulting ; culture ; dreaming ; Europe ; human race ; independent ; learning ; Lorain ; making a difference ; motivation ; narrow minded ; open minded ; outside the US ; pride in your city ; race ; retirement ; Spain ; travel 3228 Favorite Foods and Conclusion I was thinking back to earlier, about how you said there were sort of really different cultural differences between your Puerto Rican and Mexican sides and I was wondering if you had any specific foods from either side of the family that you remember fondly from your childhood. Carrion describes her favorite foods that she ate growing up, as well as her favorite places to eat in and outside of Lorain today. She dispels stereotypes and misconceptions about the foods of different Latino cultures. At the close of the interview, she expresses gratitude for the opportunities she has gotten in life and for her own work ethic and drive to succeed. bakery ; blessings ; Caribbean ; childhood ; Creole ; food ; giving back ; hard work ; Latino ; Lorain ; Mexican ; mother ; opportunities in life ; pastries ; Puerto Rican ; restaurants ; rice and beans ; school ; seasoning ; South American ; spicy food ; stereotypes ; success ; Tex Mex ; Thai food ; tortillas ; tostadas ; West Lake Oral History video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Carrion_Maria.xml LL_Carrion_Maria.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0007 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maria Carrion Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-27 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/43f7039c2a67416f1e8a400e485f5c58.png 7e3aade3341bce861c3f6afe03113010 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Pearl Puzak Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Lourdes Bennett OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Bennett_Lourdes.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Lourdes Bennett Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Lourdes Bennett Pearl Puzak 0 https://youtu.be/HiFHYxy6hNc YouTube video 0 Lede Hi, my name is Pearl Puzak and I'm with Lourdes Bennett for the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. Thank you for being with me. Today is Saturday November 14, 2020. Pearl gives an introduction to contextualize the oral history. latino lorain ; lede ; oral history 24 Childhood and Growing up in South Lorain Pearl: &quot ; Would you be able to tell me about what your life was like growing up in Lorain?&quot ; Lourdes: &quot ; Where do I begin? It was for me, I'm lucky number 13 out of 14 siblings, so things were a little different for be from when my parents came. I loved South Lorain, I love the diversity of it. We had all our friends, we played, it's nothing like it is now. We had friends from school and church. It was a great childhood, not perfect, but a good upbringing&quot ; family ; siblings ; South Lorain ; upbringing 245 The Steel Mill Pearl: &quot ; You mentioned that your father worked at the steel mill. Could you contextual the steel mill, Puerto Rican immigrants, and your own family's story?&quot ; Lourdes: &quot ; Absolutely. My dad was having a hard time finding a job in Puerto Rico. Before he came here, he was selling oranges. He heard through the grapevine that there were jobs in the USA. He and his brother - they were the youngest - were hesitant to tell my abuelo that they wanted to come to the US, but when they finally did, he saw that both of them weren't able to find jobs.&quot ; Lourdes speaks about how her dad and uncle came to move to the USA from Puerto Rico and eventually to Lorain. They moved to New Jersey first, went back to Puerto Rico, and eventually landed in Lorain in 1950. Her dad was also married in 1950, and permanently moved in 1952. They didn't want to live in a boarding house with other steel mill workers, so they lived in an apartment and eventually a house as the family expanded. Lourdes uses the word 'sacrifice' to think about the price of a better life. boarding house ; childhood ; family ; immigrant ; Lorain ; Puerto Rico ; sacrifice ; steel mill 786 Family in Puerto Rico Pearl: &quot ; Is your family still in contact with anyone in Puerto Rico?&quot ; Lourdes: &quot ; Yes, a lot of our uncles and aunts are gone. I think my mom still has one sister still alive. My mom passed with she was 94, but their kids - we do stay in touch. There are certain members that we are more in contact with than others&quot ; Lourdes speaks about her family that is still in Puerto Rico, and the extent to which they're still in contact. She speaks about current events that effect travels, such as hurricanes and the Puerto Rican economy. Lourdes also discusses the difficulties of having aging family that are overseas. cousin ; economy ; family ; hurricane ; Puerto Rico 987 Schooling and Childhood Memories Pearl: &quot ; Do you have any memories that exemplify what it was like growing up in Lorain?&quot ; Lourdes: &quot ; A lot of great memories. School - I went to Lowell elementary, Whittier Junior High and Southview High School. None of those are still there, they've all been demolished over the last few years. I had great teachers, and the diversity of Lorain was amazing. I don't know why, but I recall having students in my classes who's names were just so different from my. It was a Greek name - there were all different types of nationalities. We all learned, we all struggled, especially those of us that had a hard time in school but I didn't feel any bad thoughts as far as there are now in terms of school.&quot ; Lourdes discusses her schooling and the diversity of her schools. She also discusses the cohesive atmosphere of South Lorain, the house she grew up in, and spending time with her siblings as a child. diversity ; family ; house ; Lorain ; school 1306 Relationships with Siblings Pearl: &quot ; Growing up in family of 14 siblings, do you want to speak about how you relationships have changed with your siblings from childhood to now, especially as they've gotten married and had kids?&quot ; Lourdes:&quot ; Sure, well it's funny because the younger ones - that's who I was closest to. My brother and I would make fun of my older sister because she was valedictorian, and here my brother and I came, we were way different. There were those expectation, kind of thing. We were more like pests to the older ones, growing up. But now, it's different. With the pandemic, we decided that we'd have weekly zoom calls with the siblings. The majority of the time it's the eight sisters that are on.&quot ; Lourdes speaks on her relationships with her siblings and how they've changed over time. Some siblings have moved away from Lorain. Lourdes was closer to the siblings her age as a kid, but have grown closer with the older ones as time has gone on. She also references divided political opinions in 2020, but emphasizes the importance of putting differences aside and loving her family. brother ; family ; Lorain ; siblings ; sister 1826 Professional Life Pearl: You went to school in Lorain all through high school, what happened when you graduated high school? Lourdes: I graduated high school and shortly after that, I got pregnant. So I worked. I have a 33 year old son, and a 22 year old son. Pretty much worked right after that, took classes here and there, we had to work at that point. Did a little bit of nonprofit work, then went into the legal field. I worked as an administrative assistant, executive assistant for a while, then went over to office assistant. I lived in Lorain my whole life, but I worked in Cleveland. Commuting back and forth&quot ; Lourdes speaks about her professional life and its progression. She began working as an administrative assistant in nonprofits and law firms in Cleveland before finding work at El Centro a few years ago. Lourdes always has known about El Centro, as she grew up nearby. She speaks about the meaning in doing work in her community. Cleveland ; community ; El Centro ; Latino ; Lorain ; nonprofit ; work 2337 El Centro and Collaboration Pearl: &quot ; In addition to El Centro, do you have any other institutions that you think have been really crucial to Lorain and have effected your life or the people's lives around you?&quot ; Lourdes: [hard to hear] &quot ; ... organizations or corporations that partner with El Centro. There's a lot of organizations, and that's one great thing about El Centro and Victor, he loves to partner. Why recreate the wheel if United Ways is already doing something similar and we can replicate that.&quot ; Lourdes speaks about other social services organizations that work with El Centro in Lorain, and praises Victor Leandry (director of El Centro) for his collaborative approach. collaboration ; El Centro ; Lorain ; nonprofit ; organization ; partnership 2517 Community in Lorain and the Future Pearl: &quot ; What do you think of when you think of your community in Lorain? Could you characterize that? Lourdes: &quot ; Resilient, probably when I was younger it was.. I'd use the word family. For the last few years, South Lorain is resilient, hopeful. Knowing what Lorain was at the high of the steel mill, the 50s and 60s, just knowing the history of it.. hopefully one day we'll get back to that, but I think it will be a different type of community. Seeing the collaboration with different councilmen and whatnot, they're trying to think out of the box.&quot ; Lourdes thinks about her the resiliency and hope she sees in her community to the future, and seeing how Lorain will develop. She talks about political collaboration and the advantages of having a lakefront for technology while reflecting on Lorain's past. community ; downtown ; history ; hope ; lake ; Latino Lorain ; Lorain ; Lorain Historical Society ; resilient ; steel mill ; technology 3168 Lorain's Community Pearl: &quot ; Can I ask you what your proudest moment of living in Lorain has been?&quot ; Lourdes: &quot ; I would say, being a member of the International City - but also looking back at the community and the people, and how we all came together when needed for various reason. It seems like we're still doing that. Again, there's been some rough times but being part of the International City and a community that comes together when needed - well when needed, not needed, but especially when needed. We have such a diverse community, and it's awesome to see that diversity coming together. Lourdes speaks about how the Lorain comes together as a community, and how unique it is due to the city's diversity. She discusses the strengths and weaknesses of Lorain's community over her lifetime. community ; diversity ; help ; International City ; Lorain ; resiliency ; sacrifice ; strength 3532 Lorain and COVID 19 Pearl: &quot ; I'm interested to hear how being in a pandemic and social distancing has impacted Lorain's cohesive community. Do you see the effects of the pandemic and how are people adapting? Lourdes: &quot ; We have. In terms of the numbers, Latinos in Lorain County, the numbers are a lot higher than others. We're doing great at work, at school, wearing a mask at the stores, but when it's Sunday afternoon and you go to your abuela's house, your aunt, your guard comes down, that's where a lot of the numbers are rising. I'm sure they're all asymptomatic and don't know it. In our culture, we hug and kiss every person who walks through the door. In my family, we do the fist bump or the elbow bump. It's weird, it's wrong, but we know we have to.&quot ; Lourdes talks about how Lorain is navigating the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, and how her family is adjusting. She also speaks about the effects on El Centro programming. community ; coronavirus ; COVID 19 ; Latino ; Lorain ; Lorain County ; pandemic 4077 Lorain's Importance to Lourdes' Family Pearl: &quot ; It seems like Lorain has a very important history to you and your family, and I guess I'm wondering what makes it home? How do you see that developing in the future?&quot ; Lourdes: &quot ; Lorain definitely has a special place in my heart and my family's. There would be times when, what if Mami and Papi went to Chicago? What if.. whatever. They came to Lorain, and Lorain will always have a special place in our hearts. Whenever we see an article with Lorain, OH in it, my siblings will text it to us. My niece is in school in Colorado, and she was reading a book that mentioned Lorain, OH, so she took a picture of it and sent it. So even my nieces and nephews, they know how special Lorain is to us and will always be, because it formed us into who we are today, with my mom and dad, and their sacrifices. They came to Lorain to do it, and thank goodness that others came and they were able to relate to those people and have those other people to help out.&quot ; Lourdes speaks about why Lorain is important to her family and how she feels it has formed her family. Her nieces and nephews who don't live in Lorain still know the importance of the city to the family. community ; family ; home ; Lorain ; special place 4347 The Importance of Lorain's History Pearl: &quot ; Is there anything we haven't spoken about that you'd like to add?&quot ; Lourdes: &quot ; This is for the Latino Lorain History Project. Lorain - just thinking of the families that came for the hobs, we know a lot of them, my parents knew a lot of them, and we know the sacrifices that our mom and dad went through to come here, not knowing the language. There were probably some days they regretted it, but I think that kind of helped my mom and dad, knowing they were not alone. There were hundreds of other Puerto Ricans and Mexicans that came here, and it's a part of history from the late 40s to today that no other city can say what we did, they didn't do that. It's important that we capture that, it's important that the steel mill was a big part of Lorain and will always be a big part of Lorain for many families, for many generations. They wouldn't have come to Lorain without that steel mill, without Ford. Lorain is special, it's not perfect, just like any community. but all the sacrifices that were made, to see where the familes are now, and to see the hard work their parents did, it brings joy to my heart to see that and to see a lot of them still here in Lorain, trying to get it to another special place that it will one day become.&quot ; Lourdes speaks about the importance of capturing Lorain's history and unique story through the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. She finds joy in the close community of immigrants, and how many are still in Lorain. Lastly, Lourdes looks to the future of Lorain and is excited to see what it will become in the hands of a caring community. community ; family ; hard work ; history ; Latino Lorain History Project ; Lorain ; Puerto Rican ; sacrifice ; steel mill Lourdes Bennett's oral history narration for the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Bennett_Lourdes.xml LL_Bennett_Lourdes.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0006 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Lourdes Bennett Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-11-14 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/0200c3b704624570522d967e7e1d2c2c.m4a 5d92c1943d8184b540271659af49ae42 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Barrios_audio_only.m4a https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/552538bf80462fd7a53669d7d5da3e89.JPG b6bd333b77f3a0a05d770f78d72814b7 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Jane Rissover-Plotke Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Antonio Barrios OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Barrios_Antonio.xml Interview Keyword This field adds keywords to the Omeka Oral History item type. Keywords areincluded in the OHMS XML, this field in Omeka will allow for full data migrationbetween OHMS XML and the Omeka Record. This field does not impact theOHMS / Omeka integration and is optional if you do not need to map the“keywords” field in the OHMS XML to the corresponding Omeka record. Lorain Ohio Puerto Rican Puerto Ricans Politics Model Art Photography Interview Oral history OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Unknown Date Antonio Barrios Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Lorain Ohio Puerto Rican Puerto Ricans Politics Model Art Photography Interview Oral history Antonio Barrios Jane Rissover-Plotke 0 https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/plugins/Dropbox/files/Barrios_audio_only.m4a Other audio 0 Introduction to interview with Antonio Barrios JRP: Hello, my name is Jane Rissover-Plotke and I am here with Mr. Antonio Barrios and I am going to interview him for our Latino Lorain Oral History Project. Thank you Mr. Antonio Barrios for agreeing to do this interview with me. Could you please state your name and age? Rissover-Plotke introduces Antonio Barrios who is being interviewed for the Latino Lorain History Project which is a collaboration between the Lorain Historical Society, El Centro de Servicios Sociales, and Oberlin College. The interview is taking place over Zoom due to the Coronavirus global pandemic. Barrios is 74 years old and currently situated in Lorain, Ohio. Antonio Barrios ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Latino Lorain Oral History Project ; Lorain ; Lorain Historical Society ; Lorain, Ohio ; Ohio 37 Early life, recollections from living in Puerto Rico as a young child JRP: Could you tell me a little bit about your family and where you grew up? AB: Yes, definitely! Well, the family unit started out in Puerto Rico, it was just my older brother and myself and my mom. And my father left for the United States to work here at the Steel Mill. Barrios was born in Santurce, Puerto Rico and spent the first 4-5 years of his life in PR. His father was one of the &quot ; First 500&quot ; men who left Puerto Rico for the United States to work in the Steel Mill. This left himself along with his older brother and mother in Puerto Rico for about 2 years while his dad settled into Lorain and worked to save up money for plane tickets for the rest of his family to join him there. In order to qualify for the program with the Johnson Steel Company, the men chosen had to provide a copy of their police record if they had one, a recommendation from the Chief of Police, a recommendation from the mayor of their city, as well as a recommendation from their local priest or a moral character witness. His father along with the rest of the men sent to Lorain with him lived in the barracks on company property until about a year or two later they petitioned to be able to go out into the community and find their own lodging. He recalls living in a makeshift shelter with a tin roof, wooden sides, and cement floor in Barrio Obrero where he lived for the first 5 years of his life. They had very few things but his father would send money back to help support them in addition to her mother doing a variety of work to support their family. At this time--the early '40s and '50s--things were very hard for a lot of people in Puerto Rico and work was very hard to find. Barrio Obrero ; Johnson Steel Company ; Puerto Rico ; Santurce ; Santurce, Puerto Rico ; Steel Mill ; United States ; US Steel Corporation 274 The journey from Puerto Rico to Lorain, Ohio JRP: So, when you got to Lorain, how did things change for you and your family? It was a traumatic experience for Barrios to board and ride on the plane from Puerto Rico to Lorain, Ohio. He had never been anywhere besides his mother's house, and the huge, loud TWA Constellation Aircraft (the biggest 4-propellor airplane in existence) was terrifying for him as a 5 year old. He likens the experience of boarding the plane to Jonas going into the belly of the whale. He describes it as somewhat of a traumatic introduction to the United States, being uprooted from the only place he knew and boarding a monstrous contraption, only to arrive in a totally different place that did not feel familiar to him at all. He was mute and spellbound by it all, trying to do what his parents wanted him to do, without really understanding what was going on or why he was in a new location. Lorain ; Lorain, Ohio ; Plane ; Puerto Rico ; TWA Constellation Aircraft 398 Friends growing up JRP: Who were your friends, mentors, or teachers growing up? Growing up in Lorain, his friends were all kids from the other families that moved from Puerto Rico to Lorain. It was a very close-knit community. Him and his friends weren't born in Lorain so they were the &quot ; first kids on the block&quot ; . None of them could speak English so they navigated their new world together, protecting and looking after each other. Friends ; Learning English ; Second Language ; Self Preservation 459 Early memories and the reception of Puerto Ricans in Lorain by the previous residents JRP: Do you have an earliest memory that you remember? When his family arrived in Lorain, he can remember waking up in bed and looking up at the ceiling of the place where they were living. They lived in a basement and the ceiling was the floor of the people living above them, so there weren't any coverings and you could see the pipes and wires coming out from the ceiling. When the young Puerto Rican men were allowed to look for housing, there was a lot of resistance to the Puerto Rican people being in Lorain. The locals didn't quite understand that it was the Steel Company that brought them there, and that they hadn't known about Lorain prior and wanted to come there to &quot ; take their jobs&quot ; . At first things were mostly calm with the residents of Lorain, although they were being ostracized as the &quot ; Cesar Romero's&quot ; and the &quot ; Latinos in town&quot ; , but then things got ugly. They were painted as a &quot ; Brown wave of invasion&quot ; and people began to be very angry that they were there. Now that he has grown up and understands the full situation more, he resents this hatred that him and his family and friends faced. He is thankful that his father and the other forefathers that brought Puerto Ricans over to Lorain had the strength to prevail and provide himself and others with a better life. Antonio Barrios ; Brown wave ; Brown wave of invasion ; Lorain ; Lorain, Ohio ; Ohio ; Ostracization 628 Schooling in Lorain JRP: What was your schooling like in Lorain? Barrios started out going to public school in his neighborhood. He was terrified of school at first because he didn't speak the language, but luckily he was able to stick with some of the other Puerto Rican kids so they all tried to pick up the language and understand what other people were saying. He would get into difficult situations because he was having a hard time assimilating, so his father took him out of public school and put him in private school. He went to a Catholic school that was right down the corner by where they lived. This was also a traumatic experience for him because &quot ; nuns don't play and they will definitely use the ruler&quot ; , but in the end he had a better education than his peers. He's thankful for his father that he took this chance in moving to Lorain so that he could grow up in a better situation than they had in Puerto Rico and get a great education. But he does feel torn about this because he didn't get a chance to really sink into his roots in Puerto Rico. He is very thankful that they were able to bring their community with them. Assimilation ; Catholic school ; Community ; Education ; Nuns ; Private school ; Public school ; School 860 Making a home for themselves in Lorain on the &quot ; wrong side of the tracks&quot ; AB: Well in fact--another anecdotal story--when our forefathers were trying to get out of company property and out of the barracks, they had difficulty finding lodging because many of the residents refused to sell them homes or rent them properties. When the US Steel Corporation allowed the Puerto Rican men to get out of the barracks on company property, they had difficulty finding lodging because many of the residents refused to sell them homes or rent them properties. Instead they began to buy land at the &quot ; bad place across the tracks&quot ; . They got together and built homes for themselves. This is the true beginning to this area of Lorain called Campito, or the countryside. They were very entrepreneurial and determined to build a better future for their kids, and that's what they did. He describes them as hard-working people and very determined once they make their mind up to do something. He is very proud of them and of his father for having brought them to Lorain. Building homes ; Campito ; Homes ; Lorain ; Ohio ; US Steel Corporation ; Wrong side of the tracks 965 Working in Lorain and the beginning of Vine Ave. and South Lorain JRP: Yeah, that's a great story and he's a very strong man for being able to do everything that he did and so are all of the people that came with him. AB: Yeah! I mean that was incredible I think if I get my years right he retired with about 32 years of service to the US Steel Corporation. His father retired with about 32 years of service to the US Steel Corporation, and then Barrios went to work there after high school. Here is where he first saw that his father's courage and determination were something to admire because it was extremely challenging, laborious work. He learned that he had to go out of his comfort zone and do work that felt very scary and dangerous to him in order to succeed at this job. His and the other kids in the neighborhood's parents had built a community that was known as South Lorain. There always was a South Lorain, but when they tended to migrate closely with each other so when they moved into the area there was a street called Vine Ave., that had only Hispanic owners that owned the buildings and the businesses, so it helped him meld into the American society by having all of their parents, friends, and family be a part of those growing businesses. It was a very thriving community back then in their little apartment in Lorain. Ever since he was little, they had a work ethic that everyone in the family had to do something to help the family get along. Back then there was a lot of agriculture in Lorain. So when he was 8, him and a bunch of the other kids in the neighborhood would try to help out with farm work by going to the Office of the Farm Bureau. The kids would all head over at about 4 or 5 in the morning and line up for the farmers to pick who they wanted to work with them. For the first year or so, all of the farmers would tell him that he was too little and too young, and then finally he was allowed to go and help. He would pick tomatoes, strawberries, cherries as well so doing weeding. He's grown up ever since he was 8 years old, working and bringing something to help with the family's needs, so he thinks that without realizing it that was a very pivotal moment for him. At 8 years old he was bringing money and food to the family, which gave him a profound sense for making it on his own--going out there and helping yourself--and he's been doing that ever since. Community ; Farm ; Farm work ; Hispanic business owners ; Office of the Farm Bureau ; South Lorain ; US Steel Corporation ; Work ethic ; Working 1474 How Lorain has changed since Barrios first arrived AB: Now we have what we call &quot ; El Barrio&quot ; . El barrio was South Lorain, and that's where most of us--and I'm sure you're going to interview them--grew up in this neighborhood where everybody owned their own home--which is different and I have to say kind of tragic because they had an urban renewal program that kind of disintegrated our community, and although they said it was for the best, I have my feelings about that--because before, everybody owned their own home. Then there was &quot ; El Barrio&quot ; . El barrio was South Lorain, the neighborhood where most of the Puerto Rican migrants grew up. Here, everybody owned their own home, dissimilar to how things are now, ever since they implemented an urban renewal program that kind of disintegrated their community, something that he notes is tragic. Although the city said it was for the best, he feels a bit differently. Before, it was a true community where everyone wanted to do their best to keep the streets and public areas clean. They were poor but they still had clean clothes and food on the table. The change in the city has been traumatic and dramatic. When they first arrived, the city was bustling. The holidays were like a Christmas card. There were cars and people everywhere, the economy was going and there was So Much work. There was a common saying that you could quit a job in the morning and have another, well-paying job by afternoon. And all of the work was based on manufacturing. Originally in Lorain they were ship makers. Then they worked on Ford Automobile cars. There were so many different manufacturing jobs available throughout the years. He didn't live through the time when things in the city were really falling apart because he spent some time in Europe, but over time he would see less and less activity and more closed stores. Everything became a bit gloomy. Life became hard for the folks in Lorain. Unfortunately, manufacturing was dying out in the whole country, not just in Lorain. Economic downturn ; Ford ; Manufacturing ; Manufacturing work ; Urban renewal 1936 Proudest moments growing up in Lorain JRP: Do you think that you could share with me your proudest moment growing up in Lorain? One of Barrios' most proudest and fundamental aspects of growing up in Lorain was being 8 years old and a breadwinner for his family. He was also very proud of being an honor roll student in high school--he took to books and studying. The first in his family to enroll in college, he didn't end up completing his schooling. He studied Electrical Engineering at Lorain County Community College but didn't particularly enjoy the subject. Community college ; Electrical engineering ; Honor roll ; Lorain County ; Lorain County Community College ; Student 2048 Greatest challenges growing up and living in Lorain JRP: Yeah, I have another question I think we might have touched on it a little bit, but would you mind sharing with me some of the greatest challenges that you faced growing up and living in Lorain? One of the greatest challenges he faced living in Lorain was how poorly received the Puerto Rican community as a whole was in the area. On top of that, they were at a disadvantage because they didn't speak the language. Many times they were in public speaking their language, people would come by and intervene saying &quot ; You're living in America now, you should be speaking English&quot ; , and they would not even know what they had just said, just that they seemed to be angry. Life was tough for young Puerto Ricans--they had to be a part of some traumatic confrontations with the other youth in the area because they were the new guys on the block. But as determined and resilient people, they would sometimes get into physical altercations to prove a point with mean-spirited youth in order to protect each other. It was traumatic for them because they did not feel a part of this country yet. He did not know who he was or what he was doing. He was trying to--not knowingly--maintain his culture as a Puerto Rican. But here in America everybody is telling him not to speak Spanish and to instead speak English. He thinks that this is probably why him and a lot of his friends don't speak the language very well or at all, because they felt this force to amalgamate and make them only speak English. He has always thought that this viewpoint of the &quot ; melting pot&quot ; of America was misconceived and instead it should be more like a stew, with everyone retaining their individuality and culture, adding all sorts of flavors to the soup creating one amazing taste while each flavor remains identifiable. Despite all of the hostilities that were pointed towards them, they created a community. Now he thinks that Lorain has changed and come to realize that they didn't come to take anything--they came to give what they knew how to do and help the community move along. The US Steel Corporation had a need for good, strong workers, and they saw that in Puerto Ricans. So they went to Puerto Rico and recruited many men from there, and the men were happy to go to get out of the situation of abject poverty that they were experiencing in Puerto Rico at the time. The Puerto Rican youth then grew up and became who they are, and that is thanks also to the United States of America that they are here and able to continue and do things which would probably be a lot different had they stayed in Puerto Rico, but they don't know for certain. Even though they had these obstacles in their way, they stuck with it--they stayed and showed they were good, hard-working people and after some time he thinks the community just accepted them and now the Historical Society is one of the first institutions to now be interested in what they've done and what are their contributions to the community, and for that he is grateful to the Lorain Historical Society for helping to kick this off. Challenges ; Community ; Creating community ; Lorain Historical Society ; Melting pot ; Resilient ; Traumatic ; US Steel Corporation 2593 Impacting other people and his community in Lorain JRP: Another question that we kind of touched on before a little bit: I'm wondering what some of the most important institutions that you've been involved with in Lorain are? Barrios' finishing high school was really important to his family. Both of his parents were uneducated. His mother never went to school and his father was pulled out of school in 5th grade to take care of his mom so he did a lot of manual labor growing up--one of the reasons why he admires his dad so much. Even when he and his siblings were teenagers his father was still sending money to Puerto Rico to help his mom stay alive and be well--he even went so far as to buy her a house. His father accomplished a lot of things that people like him were not expected to be able to do. One of the accomplishments that Barrios is most proud of is getting an arts program started in the city of Lorain--the Lorain Arts Council. He spoke up at City Council and tried to convince the leaders of that time that the arts could transform the city. He notes that the arts weren't seen as something that people who didn't have money could be interested in, so he tried to explain to them that if you bring the arts in then you will bring people with money into the city of Lorain. He spoke up at City Council another time and petitioned for an ordinance to be put in place that would allow folks to live and work in the same place. It was approved and this further helped artists by allowing them to be able to work on their art in the same place where they live. The biggest honor of his life was to be on the committee that successfully petitioned for the 65th battalion to receive the Congressional Gold Medal for their valiant work as soldiers. Then, upon further investigation he found that there were 4 local men who were also in this unit that did not receive the medal because they couldn't make the trip. So him and his friends came up with the idea to make bronze copies (painted gold) of the gold medals and award them to the 4 men in town. They got Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur to come down and award the medals to the men in person--they made a big thing of it and it was a really special event at the Lorain Historical Society. They also got a video from Senator Sherrod Brown talking about how he was happy to sign the petition and was proud of these men. Arts ; City Council ; Congressional Gold Medal ; Congresswoman Marcy Kaptur ; Lorain Arts Council ; Lorain Historical Society ; Manual labor ; Marcy Kaptur ; Petition ; Senator Sherrod Brown ; Sherrod Brown 3592 Time in Europe AB: One of the things that I think is outstanding is that I managed to survive on my own in Europe for 15, 20 years almost, really not knowing anything, and just being out there to see what the rest of the world was like. After leaving the military where he served in the Vietnam War, he decided to change his life and moved to New York. Suffering from PTSD, he had a breakdown after arriving in New York. He sought help at Bellevue Hospital, a place that he ended up leaving shortly after checking in, since, at the time, the hospital wasn't capable of giving him any tools to deal with his disorder--instead they just drugged up all of the patients. He then stayed at his aunt's house in New York until he was faced with the opportunity of moving to Europe. Barrios says that his adaptability is his biggest survival tool that has always helped him keep going wherever he finds himself. In New York he ended up being considered for a modeling job. When things started to not work out as much for him in the city, his agent Zoli--an icon in the fashion industry--suggested that he try modeling in Europe because back then Puerto Ricans did not have buying power in the states, and he might have a better chance of making a more livable wage in Europe. Barrios did not think he would actually go to Europe to pursue this modeling career, but he ended up getting a job as a flight attendant where he would fly back and forth to Europe. After that job ended, he took his clothes, a one-way ticket, and a hundred dollars and went to Europe. He managed to live there with great success for almost 20 years. He learned French and Italian during his time abroad. Barrios can speak Italian better than Spanish because he made a conscious effort to learn the language. With Spanish, the reason he can speak it is because his mother refused to learn any other language, but he never made a conscious effort to learn it--he would just speak with his mom. Bellevue Hospital ; Europe ; Flight attendant ; French ; Italian ; Language ; Languages ; Learning languages ; Military ; Model ; Modeling ; Modeling career ; New York ; Post Traumatic Stress Disorder ; PTSD ; Puerto Ricans ; Spanish ; Vietnam War ; Zoli 4119 Coming back to Lorain and thoughts on how the city can flourish JRP: Yeah. So, you spent a lot of time abroad, and then... AB: Yeah! That's why a lot of things that happened in town I wasn't really privy to because they were happening while I was gone. Before Barrios left Lorain for his stint in New York and Europe, Lorain was still flourishing and manufacturing was king, but there were no steps being taken to be able to do something different. Although manufacturing is not currently a happening business in Lorain nor in the rest of the country, Barrios thinks there are many other things about Lorain that aren't being given enough attention. He lists the lakefront and the natural river as a couple aspects of Lorain that could be really amazing resources for helping Lorain to thrive. According to Barrios, Lorain is a total goldmine. A few things need to be changed but he says that if the city keeps pursuing tourism and the arts, Lorain will flourish. After 12 years he is still working at his art gallery and pushing that idea. Europe ; Lakefront ; Lorain ; Lorain Arts Council ; Manufacturing ; Natural River ; New York 4327 The transformation of South Lorain following the &quot ; urban renewal program&quot ; AB: When they decimated South Lorain--and that's the term I use...they call it urban renewal, I call it decimated--it all became housing! Low-income housing. Whereas before, everybody owned their own property. When the &quot ; urban renewal program&quot ; decimated South Lorain, what used to be individual houses became low-income housing. Vine Ave. used to be clean and tidy, completely full with Hispanic businesses and people ; they were becoming a strong political base. President John F. Kennedy even came to South Lorain to speak to the Puerto Rican community of South Lorain. South Lorain went from being a tight-knit community of Hispanic people to housing for low-income people--something that isn't necessarily bad but effectively drove the community all over the area instead of maintaining that singular, large group of Hispanic folks. Barrios also emphasizes that before the Puerto Ricans came to Lorain, the Mexican community was already established there years before that. They also have the first ethnic, Hispanic Social Club in the city of Lorain and the state of Ohio. Barrios' father told him that they owed a debt of gratitude to the Mexican people because they helped them out in the beginning when they were settling in. Hispanic ; Hispanic businesses ; Hispanic Social Club ; Mexican community ; Ohio ; President John F. Kennedy ; South Lorain ; Urban Renewal Program ; Vine Ave. ; Vine Avenue 4591 Important historical moments: notable industries and the impact of their losses. Thoughts on how to move forward JRP: I'm wondering what have been some of the most important historical moments in the city, according to you. Although a large chunk of Barrios' life was spent outside of Lorain, he still has quite a few notable historical moments that exist for him in the city. One of these is the creation of the shipyards. It helped to create the identity of the city of Lorain and also helped the different industries in Lorain. Another is the US Steel Mill. A third is the Ford Plant. The loss of these industries has impacted the mentality of the people in Lorain as well as the inability of anybody taking leadership and moving the city of Lorain in a different direction. Lorain also lost a lot of people at this time: there was a mass exodus. Barrios hopes that the city of Lorain sees the true value of the land that they own and the sea that they control, and that they build that waterfront and the river up to what other places have done. He says that they don't need a major invention but instead need the collective will to come together and decide that that is where they should be going. Barrios wants to encourage people to believe in and love their city enough to stay and create new and exciting things for the continued growth and benefit of their city. Ford Plant ; Industries ; Industry ; Leadership ; Lorain ; Mass exodus ; Ohio ; River ; Shipyards ; US Steel Mill ; Waterfront 5040 Challenges facing the people of Lorain today JRP: That brings me to my next question which is what do you see as the greatest challenge facing people in the city of Lorain today? Barrios thinks that identity is the biggest challenge facing the people of Lorain today. There are of course other problems such as financial and political issues, but he thinks that the deepest problem for the city of Lorain is an identity problem because they lost that manufacturing base and people are still clinging on to that manufacturing base instead of moving forward. Barrios thinks that the city of Lorain needs to find people with good ideas to help the city and then aid them in executing these ideas. Barrios says that the city of Lorain has to shed the shackles of the past and embrace the vision of tomorrow. Having traveled the world, he believes that the city of Lorain has a huge chance of becoming a destination point. Identity ; Identity crisis ; Lorain ; Lorain, Ohio ; Manufacturing ; Ohio 5599 Lorain's greatest strengths JRP: What do you see as Lorain's greatest strengths? One of Lorain's greatest strengths is that they've tried only to maintain the identity of the international city. This identity was, however, stronger in years past, but Barrios states that Lorain is still a beautiful melting pot of nationalities. He says that you do not have to lose your cultural background to become American. You can be many things at the same time. He says that he has no problem being both Puerto Rican and American, it is other people that have a problem with it. American ; Culture ; International City ; Lorain ; Lorain, Ohio ; Melting pot ; Ohio ; Puerto Rican 5884 How the city of Lorain fits into his future JRP: Do you see Lorain as continuing to be home to you and your family? Barrios thinks that for his family Lorain will likely continue to be home for them. He is not so sure about himself, however. He is trying to establish something and set some goals for himself, but once he does that he thinks there's a lot more out there in the rest of the world for him to explore. He's not saying that he will move away from Lorain, but he definitely wants to enjoy the rest of the world if that is possible. He is struggling, however, to make a base that will keep him in Lorain. Goals ; Homebase ; Lorain ; Lorain, Ohio ; Ohio ; Travel 5952 Showcasing some of the fun items in Barrios' room JRP: Well I have to ask about the vest on your chair and also the jersey you're wearing. Barrios' jersey is for a Puerto Rican baseball team. It serves as a symbol of Puerto Rico and their baseball history. The vest symbolizes a recent change in his life. It is from an organization that he belongs to--a motorcycle organization. It is a worldwide organization called LAMA (Latin American Motorcycle Organization). It says &quot ; Latin American&quot ; on the back, and has a USA and Puerto Rican flag on the front. He only bought his motorcycle 6 months prior to this interview, so he is the newest full member of the LAMA organization. There is an accompanying hat that goes with the vest. Barrios also has a Puerto Rican flag hanging behind him. Baseball ; Flag ; Hat ; Jersey ; LAMA ; Latin America ; Latin American ; Latin American Motorcycle Organization ; Lorain ; Lorain, Ohio ; Motorcycle ; Motorcyclist ; Ohio ; Puerto Rican baseball ; Puerto Rican Flag ; Vest 6278 Barrios' involvement in politics and his hopes for the future of politics AB: Actually I got involved in politics during, um...it was a freshman Congresswoman by the name of Betty Sutton who came to Lorain trying to become a Congresswoman and I had just finished a project that was brought in by Father Bill at Sacred Heart Church it was called &quot ; Reclaim Lorain&quot ; . Barrios describes how he has been involved politically in the past and got his ward of South Lorain's voting average by 50% percent, much more than the majority of neighboring wards. He also describes how he ran for office and didn't win, but he will probably do it again. He hopes that the younger generation will get even more involved in politics. Barrios thinks that Lorain is going to be OK, and that it is just a matter of some of the older voices dying down and some of the newer voices rising up, which hasn't happened yet. &quot ; You don't grow with status quo&quot ; . Barrios doesn't want to lose himself and who he is in what somebody else wants him to be or for another idle or title. He wants to remain who he is and grow. Look at him! At 74 years old he just started riding motorcycles! And there's more out there for him as well as for the city of Lorain. Generations ; Lorain ; Motorcycles ; Ohio ; Politics ; South Lorain ; Status quo ; Ward ; Wards Oral history interview with Antonio Barrios for Latino Lorain Oral History Project. audio 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Barrios_Antonio.xml LL_Barrios_Antonio.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0004 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Antonio Barrios Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-11-15 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource audio https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/7b115ba859945f6c86ca339b5df50edd.png d82f42f478a5494e93061f9190873859 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Brendan Aleman Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Joel Arredondo OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Arredondo_Joel.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Joel Arredondo Latino Lorain Fall2020 Oberlin College Library Joel Arredondo Brendan Aleman 0 https://youtu.be/GTxzBxW9CmQ YouTube video 22 Introduction/Early life Here, Joel Arredondo Introduces himself and gives his date of birth, before transitioning to talking about his early life. He also discusses how his family came to Lorain Ohio. Mr. Arredondo also mentions Lorain's unique history as a diverse city he shares what is like being the son of Mexican immigrants growing up with with diverse people in his community. Early childhood life ; International city ; Introduction ; Joel Arredondo ; Lorain childhood ; Family ; Family values ; Immigration 229 Building a sense of community in Lorain Joel Arredondo begins to describe the unconventional methods in which his father built a community for them which included aspects of passing such has changing his name, developing an understanding of language. We then begin to transition to one of his earliest happy memories which was how he met his wife's brother and eventually his wife. Community ; Education ; Passing ; Racism 602 Politics and beyond Here Mr. Arredondo discusses his first experience as candidate running for 8th grade class president. In addition, we discuss ab mentors and friends who guided him to politics. He also talks about how his brother was more politically involved and he wouldn't become as involve until later on in his life. In 2007, Joel Arredondo was considered the position of President of Lorain City Council along with five other people to which he was appointed and served two year term before winning re-election 6 more times. Colorism ; Early life ; Family Tree ; Lorain City Council ; Politics 1351 The international City then vs. Now Mr. Arredondo's father and grandfather came to Lorain to work at the steel mill. He even briefly mentions how the shipping yards and other small manufacturing jobs were abundant and thats when the city of Lorain began to grow. He recalls the emergence of mega shopping malls and creation of highway roads destroyed certain neighborhoods. When discussing how education shifted, it was clear that when jobs were at a surplus Lorain was thriving. However, when they began to close and move bussiness away from Lorain schools closed education ; Lorain City ; School closings ; steel mill 1680 Lorain's workforce and school system Mr. Arredondo discussed how Lorain employed people from all over the managed to make their way to Lorain. He speaks about Puerto Ricans, Mexican, Dominicans etc, came to lorain and were easily able to find job. As he does mention, COVID has impacted many of these jobs. We then began to discuss school closings which was linked to the shipyards and steel mill jobs being closed down. Now, Lorain currently has one school opened. He also speaks about how the school had the &quot ; industrial arts&quot ; that was eventually shutdown. CHIPP ; Jobs ; Lorain city ; Puerto RIcans ; School closings ; Small school initiative ; Steel mill 2635 A trip down memory lane Joel Arredondo shares that being asked and serving his 7th term as the president of Lorain City Council. He then recalls an activity he did in school which included having a family, becoming a college graduate, and having grandchildren. He pridefully shares that his daughter has recently became a mother. As a follow up question is asked, Mr. Arredondo emphasizes the importance of education and family structure which stems from his parents telling him &quot ; Do the right thing.&quot ; Achievements ; Family ; Family dynamic ; Goals 3113 Overcoming adversity One of challenges Mr. Arredondo shared, was one that familiar working class families were familiar with. Given the massive layoffs especially from those in the steel industry, many families began to struggle to make ends me. The Arredondo family was no exception. Mr. Arredondo learned the meaning of hard work early on and sought employment when his father was unemployed. He also recalls his father's words of advice of and emphasis of perseverance. He's talk about about struggling in college and then being turned away from the Air force. He also share his experience as restaurant manager and owner until he became an auto salesman. Adversity ; Perseverance ; Work Experience 3673 Highlight Important Institutions As Joel Arredondo recalls important institutions, he mentions the Boy Scouts, Holy Name Society at his church (which he has been involved with on/off since 1977), Committee foundation of Lorain county (was asked takeover board member Armstrong's remaining term). Mr. Arredondo credits his wife for actually taken on the position. for He was also part of the Hispanic Fund's board to which then we transition to talk about CHIP (Coalition for hispanic issues of Progress). This organization originated because the of school integration bussing program. He later became VP of Chip and re-elected for five subsequent terms. Career ; CHIP ; Institutions in Lorain ; Religious Organizations ; Sacred Heart Church 4310 Lorain&quot ; s Historical Moments Mr. Arredondo recalls attending events a sacred Heart Chapel with family where he'd often times find himself playing baseball with his friends. Eventually, the boys would attend mass so they can enjoy the food that was offered afterwords. In doing so he became part of a larger community there. He then recalls how his grandmother home was rented out to Puerto RIcan men who would work in the steel mill in the 1950s. A personal historical moment has been seen their children become college graduates. He also recalls becoming the first elected (not appointed) Mexican-American President of Lorain CIty Council and he also became Mayor of Lorain for 9 days. Board housing ; Lorain ; Lorain history 4706 Challenges In Lorain ; The City's strength Mr. Arredondo states that Covid-19 has made thing very difficult for everyone. He also says that small businesses and workers are struggling to make ends meet. He then highlights his relationships with his constituents as a salesman and says his honesty and empathy is keeps people coming back to his business. He later speaks about the systematic racism within Lorain city Police Department. He then highlights Lorain's strength being inclusion along with diversity. He then shared a story about how CHIP only allowed Latinos with memberships to vote. This meant biracial-spouses were unable to vote despite paying for a membership. This later changed when Mr. Arredondo became President. CHIP ; Covid-19 ; Diversity ; Inclusion ; Lorain Police Department ; Mexican Mutual Society 5411 Recapping the interview As they are wrapping up the interview, Brendan ask Mr. Arredondo about his time in Kentucky State in relation to the Ken State riots. He recalls going to campus to take an exam but then having the exam cancelled due to the riots. All students were told to leave campus and go home. To which he left and made his way to his brother college before eventually going home. Mr. Arredondo says his take away from this experience was to have courage to change the things deemed incorrectly and that violence is never the answer. Mr. Arredondo then ask Brendan about his political interest comes from before giving him some final words of wisdom. Ken State riots ; Recap Oral history Interview with Joel Arredondo for the Lorain Oral history Project video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Arredondo_Joel.xml LL_Arredondo_Joel.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0001 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Joel Arredondo Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-11-01 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/27290123e472a139b58d89e3686f9ad9.png 735c4023ae15a5f7bacc3c61763e22fe Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Maria Carrion Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Virginia (Tolento) Montville OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Montville_Virginia.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Virginia (Tolento) Montville Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Virginia (Tolento) Montville Maria Carrion 0 https://youtu.be/OmAwZB4p-m4 YouTube video 12 Introduction of Virginia (Tolento) Montville interviewed by Maria Carrion I am going to begin by introducing myself. My name is Maria Carrion and I'm part of the group that's conducting oral history interviews for the Latino Lorain History Project. I have with me one of our interviewees and I'll have her introduce herself. Virginia introduces herself and says she goes by Ginny and her maiden name is Tolento, last name Montville. El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Lorain Historical Society ; Oberlin College 122 Virginia talks about her early life growing up in Lorain So, let's begin. Ginny, you sent me some articles and I went through those articles and I just am so fascinated with your background. So I was wondering if you could just start off telling me a little bit about your life. I know you were born and raised in Lorain. So if you want to tell me a little bit about where did you actually grow up and a little bit of history about your Lorain history because I know you're not in Lorain now. Virginia talks about how she was born in Lorain in 1950 and lived on E. 30th Street right off of Vine Ave. As the daughter of a Mexican father and a Native American mother, she talked about how she grew up speaking Spanglish at home and had a diverse group of friends who, like her, didn't have a lot of economic means. But she describes a lively and diverse community. 1950 ; Mexicans in Lorain ; Native Americans in Lorain ; Spanglish ; Vine Ave 224 Speaking Spanglish and challenges growing up You were talking a little bit about speaking Spanglish. Tell me a little more about that. How did you learn Spanglish, from your mother or your father? Virginia talks about how her mother learned Spanish as time went on and how they all spoke Spanglish. Her father's English wasn't good, but they communicated. She also talks about being loved by her father and great memories growing up with him, even though they were poor. He worked at the railroad and in the summer worked on farms in Sandusky County. As the oldest of 7 brothers and sisters, she describes how she took on a lot of responsibility and was protective of her younger brothers and sisters given her mother's struggles with mental health and her father's absence because of work. Eventually, she and her siblings were removed from their home and placed in Green Acres Children's Home, where her own mother had begun her life as well. She also discussed Neighborhood House and other organizations like Puerto Rican Home that provided her and other young kids structure and a sense of community. Cozy Corner ; Farm labor ; Green Acres Chldren's Home ; Lincoln Elementary School ; mental health ; Neighborhood House ; Poverty ; Puerto Rican Home ; Railraod ; Sandusky County ; Spanglish ; Vine Ave 584 Ethnic diversity and leaving Lorain When you were growing up in Lorain at that time...you said your father was Mexican, so you are half Mexican. What about some of the other ethnic groups that lived there that you associated with? Virginia talks about the diverse group of friends she had growing up. Many of them had different lives and family structures, and they maintained contact for a long time. After two years at Green Acres, she met the Presti family in Oberlin through church who supported Tolento as she prepared to accept a scholarship to attend the Andrews School for Girls in Willoughby, Ohio. She lived with the Presti family and helped care for Mrs. Presti's young children the summer before attending the Andrews School and enjoyed the family structure and described how it was a model of what she wanted for her life. Andrews School for Girls, Willoughby ; Ethnic and racial diversity ; Family life ; Green Acres ; Oberlin City ; Oberlin High School 881 Experiences in school and a new home and family in Oberlin How was that experience of, there's this girl from Lorain, you grew up on Vine Avenue, and you say that you grew up on the streets of Vine, you're in and out with no structure, and then you get this scholarship to go to this exclusive girls' school on the east side of Cleveland, tell me a little bit about what did it feel like for you? Virginia talks about how she fit into the elite girls' school, even though she came from a very different background than most of the girls. She also talks about her second grade teacher who mentored her and told her that she was smart and visited her when she was in Green Acres Children's home and how that made an impression on her. She also talked about the transition from the Andrews school to live with the Presti family in Oberlin and how much she loved being in a home with a family. While she loved living with her foster family, she describes some of the challenges being one of the only Hispanics in Oberlin and being mistaken for being Puerto Rican. She experienced prejudice and describes how she surrounded herself with people worthy of her and the life-long friendships she developed. Andrews School for Girls ; Foster home ; Italians and Hispanics in Oberin ; Life-long friendships ; Mentors at school ; Oberlin ; Prejudice ; Presti's Restaurant 1261 Connection to Lorain today Is Lorain part of your life today? Virginia talks about how even though she spent her teenage years in Oberlin, she is still connected to Lorain through her sisters and family who still live in Lorain. She also describes the challenges her family has faced living in Lorain, including losing family members to gun violence and how, for her, it seems part of a larger cycle familiar to her when she was growing up. She also began to discuss the changes she saw in Lorain, but also the fear and sadness of some of the problems in Lorain. Oakwood Park ; Sherriff's Department, Oberlin ; Violence in Lorain 1391 A career in law enforcement Once you graduated from high school, when did you become interested in law enforcement? Virginia discusses the different mentors and influences she had that led her to consider law enforcement as a career. The new police chief in Oberlin, who she describes as progressive and from Michigan, played a particularly important role in pursuing her interest in law enforcement. After a ride-along in 1968, she worked as a dispatcher in Oberlin and then worked at the Ohio State Highway Patrol, Post 47 in Elyria, as she continued to take classes at LCCC. She was then recruited by the Sheriff's Department as the first woman to help diversify the department in 1973 at the age of 23. She was the first woman on the force of 80 men. She describes how she was not received well in the Sheriff's Department where she was competing with men who saw her as a threat to their jobs. She eventually left that position where it was clear she was not welcome to the Marshal Service that was much more professional and respected her position. In all these instances, she talked about how she consistently used her typing skills to help out in different positions in law enforcement across the county. First female marshal ; First woman sheriff ; Lorain County Community College (LCCC) ; Marshall Service ; Mentors ; Oberlin News Tribune ; Oberlin police chief ; Oberlin Police Department ; Ohio State Highway Patrol ; Recruiting women sheriffs ; Secretarial work ; Sexism at work ; Sheriff's Department ; U.S. Marshal 2010 Proudest moment in Lorain Tell me a little bit about if you can think of a moment in Lorain that made you feel really proud or maybe even on visits when you came back, was there anything significant or any experience you think you could say that you were really proud of in terms of your Lorain experience? Virginia describes her proudest moment as her swearing in ceremony with her foster parents as her witnesses for the Sheriff's Department job. Her father also was there at her swearing in ceremony and was very proud of her. She also discussed how even when she was with her foster family and in the home, he visited her regularly and would bring food to share with the kids from the home. She had two sisters living with her at Green Acres and never felt neglected by her father. Children's home (Green Acres) ; Foster family ; Mexican food ; Proudest moment ; Relaionship with her father ; Swearing in ceremony 2312 Relationship with Puerto Ricans in Lorain in the past and returning to Lorain today You've talked about the tamales, you've talked about the tortillas, what about your experiences with the Puerto Rican ethnic food? Virginia discusses how she grew up loving Puerto Rican food and the culture. When they lived in an apartment on Seneca, she could smell the Puerto Rican food and her father resented that she liked Puerto Rican rice and beans better than Mexican rice and beans. Many of her friends growing up were Puerto Rican and she enjoyed being at her friends' homes sharing their food. She also talks about what life is like for her in Hughesville, PA, and how things have changed in her town recently. She also discusses returning to Lorain when she can to see her sister and family and friends. She ends her interview reflecting on her observations of challenges and changes in Lorain. Challenges in Lorain ; Crime ; Hughesville, PA ; Mexicans in Hughesville ; Puerto Rican food ; Revitalization downtown Lorain ; Seneca Ave. 2767 Final reflections Before we close, is there anything we haven't talked about or anything you want to share, it doesn't have to be about Lorain. I can be about Oberlin, it can be about your experience in Hughesville or anything you can talk about as a Latina woman who at one time was accepted because they thought you were Italian...anything you want to talk about. Virginia ends her interview reflecting on experiences of prejudice as a woman and as a Mexican in law enforcement. She didn't take the prejudice to heart and is proud of her Mexican and Native American heritage. Her final thoughts on the problems in the country today make her think of the value of diversity, something she learned from her daughter and how a teacher can make a big difference in someone's life like hers. At the very end, she returned on what she learned at Green Acres and how she adjusted. Ethnic pride ; Green Acres ; Lincoln Elementary School ; Prejudice as Mexican ; Teachers video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Montville_Virginia.xml LL_Montville_Virginia.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0014 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Virginia (Tolento) Montville Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-30 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/f009bd22b6d897ef6b7e5006b1b8f2f1.png b2078978cde01aff20ab1739533705cc Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Julia Rohde Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Elba Rosario Armstrong OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rosario-Armstrong_Elba_2.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Elba Rosario Armstrong Part 2 Latino Lorain Oberlin College Library Elba Rosario Armstrong Julia Rohde 0 https://youtu.be/FtsM8XcQmjQ YouTube video 0 Introduction My name is Julia Rohde. I am a fourth year student at Oberlin College interviewing Elba Rosario Armstrong for the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. Latino Lorain Oral History Project 47 Advocacy committee of the Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress (C.H.I.P.) So to get started, Elba, I would love to hear more about the early years of C.H.I.P.. Elba discusses the role of the advocacy committee of C.H.I.P.. advocacy committee ; C.H.I.P ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress ; hispanic community ; Lorain, Ohio 142 C.H.I.P.'s involvement with the desegregation lawsuit against the Lorain City Schools and the English-only legislation by the Lorain City Council The biggest issue was, I think, a combination of two issues: the desegregation lawsuit against the Lorain City Schools and the English-only legislation by the Lorain City Council. Elba discusses how C.H.I.P.'s advocacy committee was involved in the lawsuit regarding the desegregation of the Lorain City Schools and the English-only legislation passed by the Lorain City Council. African American ; African American teachers ; bilingual program ; busing ; C.H.I.P. ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress ; desegregation ; desegregation consent decree ; Education committee ; English-only ; English-only legislation ; foreign languages ; Hispanic teachers ; Hispanics ; lawsuit ; legal ; Lorain City Council ; Lorain City Schools ; magnet schools ; N.A.A.C.P. ; National Association for the Advancement of Colored People ; school choice ; Spanish ; teacher recruitment 739 C.H.I.P's work against language discrimination towards Hispanic staff at the Cleveland Clinic Another issue that we dealt with was with the Cleveland Clinic. And I don't know if I mentioned it in the first interview... Elba describes how C.H.I.P. got involved with discrimination at Cleveland Clinic, where Hispanic staff were told they were no longer allowed to speak Spanish during their breaks and were asked to provide translation services without additional pay. advocacy committee ; C.H.I.P. ; Cleveland ; Cleveland Clinic ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress ; discrimination ; English-only ; Hispanic Month ; language discrimination ; Lorain County ; Lorain, Ohio ; Spanish ; translation services ; workplace discrimination 918 C.H.I.P.'s advocacy work at Lorain County Community College (L.C.C.C.) Another issue that we dealt with was with Lorain County Community College and it was in reference to an employee that had been denied promotion due to his ethnicity and also the lack of representation in the workforce, specifically the faculty and administration... Elba discusses C.H.I.P.'s advocacy work at L.C.C.C., where a Hispanic man was denied promotion due to his ethnicity. This case revealed a larger trend of lack of minority representation in the L.C.C.C. staff. C.H.I.P. ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress ; Hispanic community ; L.C.C.C. ; Lorain County ; Lorain County Community College ; Lorain, Ohio ; minority representation ; promotion ; representation ; workplace discrimination 1194 C.H.I.P.'s advocacy work at Lorain County Board of Mental Health to hire bilingual therapists Then we had another...because there were quite a few, if that is okay, there were quite a few that we dealt with. Another one was with the Lorain County Board of Mental Health and therapy actually was being provided through interpreters because of the lack of bilingual counselors and therapists, and so actually we just went in and talked with them. You know, they were very understanding... Elba discusses C.H.I.P.'s success asking the Lorain County Board of Health to hire bilingual therapists and counselors. bilingual ; bilingual services ; C.H.I.P. ; Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress ; Lorain County ; Lorain County Board of Mental Health ; medical ; mental health 1278 C.H.I.P.'s advocacy work at Lorain County Alcohol and Drug Addiction Board And then we had an issue with Lorain County Alcohol and Drug Addiction Board. And basically what had been happening was that El Centro had been providing services for persons who needed counseling as out-patients and for residential services which including 30 days or more stay. They didn't have those capabilities to do it, so they went to Cleveland... Elba discusses C.H.I.P.'s advocacy work at Lorain County Alcohol and Drug Addiction Board, where there were issues with funding addiction services for the citizens of Lorain. A.D.A.S. Board ; addiction services ; bilingual ; bilingual staff ; C.H.I.P. ; Cleveland ; Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress ; Cuyahoga ; Cuyahoga County ; El Centro ; health services ; Lorain County ; Lorain County Alcohol and Drug Addiction Board ; Lorain, Ohio ; public health ; Sacred Heart Chapel 1572 C.H.I.P.'s work against racial harassment in Lorain city government office Then also we had a situation with the city of Lorain--the government. We had a Black Puerto Rican male employee who said that he was being racially harassed. Elba describes how C.H.I.P. got involved with the Lorain city government when a Black Puerto Rican employee was being racially harassed in the workplace. Black Puerto Rican ; C.H.I.P. ; Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress ; Lorain City Government ; Lorain, OH ; racial harassment ; workplace harassment 1710 C.H.I.P.'s work against harassment of Hispanic family reunion in Lorain County Metroparks We had an issue with the Lorain County Metroparks and I don't know if I mentioned this one or not, but a Hispanic family had their family reunion in one of the Metroparks. and they had quite a few of their family members there, and one of the park rangers had been walking around, walking around, and he noticed that a motorcycle was parked near the pavilion area... Elba describes an incident in the Lorain County Metroparks, where a park ranger harassed a Hispanic family who was celebrating a reunion. C.H.I.P. ultimately got involved, as one member of those celebrating was given a citation. C.H.I.P. ; Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress ; harassment ; Lorain County ; Lorain County Metroparks ; Lorain, Ohio 2015 C.H.I.P.'s advocacy for Hispanic single mother evicted by Lorain Metropolitan Housing Board Then we had, another issue occurred. It was with the Lorain Metropolitan Housing Board. This was regarding a Hispanic mom, a single mom, who had nowhere to go and no family here in Lorain and was being evicted from the apartment in February, one of our coldest months. Elba describes a situation with the Lorain Metropolitan Housing Board where a Hispanic single mother was going to be evicted until C.H.I.P. was able to step in and assist with her rent. C.H.I.P. ; Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress ; eviction ; Hispanic single mother ; housing discrimination ; Lorain County ; Lorain Metropolitan Housing Board ; Lorain, OH 2207 C.H.I.P.'s strategies for community-building and reason for its establishment So those were the type of issues that we had dealt with as an advocate organization. And then what we did also was C.H.I.P. reached out with all institutions and we spoke with them to develop relationships with them and let them know who we were, what we were all about so that they understood, and we initiated some dialogue about mutual interest we would have... Elba details how C.H.I.P. established relationships with Lorain institutions in order to be successful in their advocacy work. C.H.I.P. ; Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress ; community-building ; Hispanic issues ; Lorain City Schools ; Lorain County Police Department ; Lorain mayor's office ; Lorain, OH 2375 The Revival of C.H.I.P. And in the last interview you had mentioned there was a brief time where C.H.I.P. died down a little bit and then you revitalized and served as President, and I'm wondering why you think there was that time where it wasn't as active? Elba describes how the same people were involved in different Hispanic organizations in Lorain, leading to people getting tired of being involved. She believes that this led to a period of decline for C.H.I.P., where it was recommended that the organization be disbanded. C.H.I.P. ; Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress ; community-buidling ; Lorain, OH 2606 Origins of the Hispanic Fund And you had also mentioned wanting to talk more about the origins of the Hispanic Fund... Elba explains that there had been a fund of $300 through the Lorain Community Foundation to honor Dr. Jose Rivera. When the Community Foundation decided to start a Hispanic Fund and an African American Fund, Elba and other members of C.H.I.P. were invited to become a part of the philanthropy process. Community Foundation ; Hispanic Fund ; Lorain Community Foundation ; Lorain County ; Lorain, OH ; philanthropy 2970 Establishment of the Lincoln Center in South Lorain I also wanted, because I know I talked a little bit about the Coalition for South Lorain, the Lincoln Center. This was formed, well actually the Coalition was the police, the Metropolitan Housing, the Lorain City Schools, El Centro, and Sacred Heart... Elba describes how Lincoln Elementary School--during school rebuilding--was temporarily leased to the Coalition for South Lorain to house the Lincoln Center, a community center where institutions in Lorain held offices, ESL classes were held, and other services were provided to the community of South Lorain. Boy's and Girl's club ; Coalition for South Lorain ; community center ; computer classes ; El Centro ; ESL classes ; food pantry ; Lincoln Center ; Lincoln Elementary School ; Lorain City Schools ; Lorain Police Department ; Lorain, OH ; Metropolitan Housing Board ; Sacred Heart Chapel ; school rebuilding ; South Lorain ; youth coordinaters 3304 C.H.I.P.'s work to place Hispanics on institutional boards And then one other thing that C.H.I.P. did that I wanted to talk about was that we, we wanted to--as I had talked about we would meet with institutions to tell them what we were about--we also wanted to get as many people involved, Hispanics, on boards for these organizations... Elba explains that C.H.I.P. also worked with institutional boards in Lorain to increase representation and place Hispanic people on the boards. C.H.I.P. ; Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress ; Hispanic board members ; Hispanic representation ; Hispanics ; Lorain County ; Lorain, OH Oral history interview of Elba Rosario Armstrong for the Latino Lorain Oral History Project. video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rosario-Armstrong_Elba_2.xml LL_Rosario-Armstrong_Elba_2.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0025 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Elba Armstrong-Rivera Part 2 Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-29 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/bd3cf2da88a8f088727fd21e23386889.png 51b656fb10806e2a0adbc056862552f2 Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Gabriela Linares Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Eugene "Gene" Rivera OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rivera_Eugene.xml Interview Keyword This field adds keywords to the Omeka Oral History item type. Keywords areincluded in the OHMS XML, this field in Omeka will allow for full data migrationbetween OHMS XML and the Omeka Record. This field does not impact theOHMS / Omeka integration and is optional if you do not need to map the“keywords” field in the OHMS XML to the corresponding Omeka record. Ponce Lorain Trios Latin Jazz Puerto Rican Home OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Eugene &quot ; Gene&quot ; Rivera 2:08:17 Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Ponce Lorain Trios Latin Jazz Puerto Rican Home Eugene &quot ; Gene&quot ; Rivera Gabriela Linares 0 https://youtu.be/6JIJuTUoKbM YouTube video English 71 Music as integral to Gene's Childhood It's difficult to say, &quot ; the first time&quot ; because there was alway music at our house. Records, because we had no radio and no television programing that was in Spanish. However, I can tell you an interesting story... Mr. Rivera narrates the time when his dad had just found an apartment, amongst such difficult times to find a home as a Puerto Rican family due to discrimination. Rivera goes on to discuss how he attended many music performances in Lorain since the city was in a central spot in relation to Chicago and New York which are two hot spots for music and latin jazz.The Rivera's family downstairs neighbor, knew a Trio musician, Johnny Rodriguez who stayed at their apartment after a gig in Chicago. Due to this connection, the Rivera family who were performing a Baptism in Lorain. Johnny Rodriguez got to perform trio music for the baptism after party. This was the first time Mr. Riviera saw a reel to reel tape recorder which was integral to the performance. Later on in this section, Mr. Rivera talks about the complexities of the parrandas. He mentions how there had to be some cultural negotiation between the Puerto Rican community in Lorain and other communities that may have been unfamiliar with these musical celebrations. Chicago ; Gig ; Guitars ; Housing ; Interstate ; Maracas ; Music ; New York ; Puerto Rico ; Radio ; Record Player ; Recordings ; Reel to Reel Tape ; Tape Recorder ; Trio Albums ; Baptism Party ; Clubs ; Cuba ; Johnny Rodriguez ; Latin Jazz ; Lorain Housing ; Mambo Kings ; Puerto Rico ; Records ; Tito Rodriguez ; Trio Music 1155 El Gran Combo in Lorain: A Memorable Experience By now it is 1964 and I am already a teenager, maybe a junior in High School. They had announced that they were bringing El Gran Combo to the Puerto Rican Home. Now, as you know El Gran Combo is a huge institution in Puerto Rico and plays around the world. At that time they were starting. Cortijo y su Combo was a musical group that represented the beginnings of salsa and brought Afro-Puerto Rican influences from the genres bomba and plena to latin jazz. Cortijo and his group were the first Afro Puerto Ricans to appear on TV. When this group broke up, El Gran Combo emerged. Mr Rivera, has experienced many performances but around the year 1964 during his junior year of high school, he was impacted by the visit of El Gran Combo at the Puerto Rican Home in Lorain. 500 años ; Afro-Puerto Rican ; Boogalu ; Cortijo y su Combo ; Dance ; Humor ; La Taverna India ; Mario Hernandez ; Political Songs ; Salsa ; Suit ; Television ; Vietnam El Gran Combo ; Performance ; Puerto Rican Home 2056 A Friendly Performer: Yomo Toro Yomo Toro, cuatrista, he would just talk to you. He would sit down and talk like a jibarito from the mountains. Very humble, nice, talking about jokes. He reminded me of my uncle. Mr Rivera recalls his experience meeting the artist Yomo Toro. Toro was an amazing cuatro player that reminded Mr. Rivera about his family and the jibarito personality. Cuatro ; Humble ; Jibarito 2263 The Founding of The Puerto Rican Home The Puerto Rican Home was a project of the entire community. We call ourselves La Colonia. I say we because I was part of it as a child and as a teenager but my parents where the adults, the beginners that put together the Puerto Rican Home. The older generation of La Colonia used to have a lot of dances that would be shut down before midnight. In search of a venue and place where the community could get together to celebrate their music, they found a bowling alley which then became The Puerto Rican Home and center for music and the latino community in Lorain. Codes ; Police ; Stock Dances ; Puerto Rican Home 2526 La Liga Puertorriqueña La Liga Puertorriqueña was formed to meet the socio political needs of the Puerto Rican community. They were accussed of having communist connections, an acusation that they denied. The Puerto Rican Home became the center for smaller organizations such as La Liga Puertorriqueña who was accused of being communist during Senator McCarthy's time. After these accusations the organization had to deal with these pressures and look for legal help to certify that they were not enforcing communist ideas during these meetings. Accusations ; Communism ; Meetings Civil Rights ; Communism 2749 Inauguration of the Puerto Rican Home That is how it emerged and in 1956 it was it inaugurated. According to the new paper there was a congressman, a county commissioner, the mayor... After all of the communist accusations that La Liga Puertorriqueña and other smaller organizations faced during this time, The Puerto Rican Home was inaugurated under the promise and that there would be no communist involved in this new organization. This inauguration marked the beginning of what would become a politically and community involved organization for latinos in Lorain. As we learned earlier in the interview, this bowling alley was radically transformed to meet the needs of the community. These needs varied from meetings to concerts to regional domino tournaments to softball events. In terms of the dances, these attract people from Youngstown, Buffalo, Detroit and Chicago. Boogalu ; Bowling Alley ; Communist ; Concerts ; Congressman ; County Commissioner ; Dominoes ; El Gran Combo ; Lares Carpenters ; Mayor ; Meetings ; Softball Community Events ; Inauguration 3306 Police Brutality We had sadder events. Sadder because it was the first time that the police killed a Puerto Rican from our community. Amongst the dances, there were brutal incidents that would then be commemorated at the Puerto Rican Home. Mr. Rivera narrates different occasions in which the police got involved with the Puerto Rican community and it ended in death and legal issues. Funeral ; Handcuffs ; Police Police Brutality 3517 Meetings at The Puerto Rican Home In the smaller homes there were meetings such as Las Damas, The Women's Club met there. Other meetings like political meetings, &quot ; meet the candidate&quot ; type of thing. Whatever issue you wanted to be aware you could go there for free. The Puerto Rican Home hosted many meetings. Mr. Rivera recalls one of his favorite moments at The Puerto Rican Home. He recalls being on his bicycle and knowing that Nelson Rockefeller was at an event there when he was running for President as well as the baseball player, Jackie Robinson. Bicycle ; Governors ; Meetings ; Rockefeller ; Vine Ave Meetings ; Nelson Rockefeller 3695 Johnson and Johnson Foundation Meetings It became the center of the midwest. I was in a meeting in the midwest, years later, of a group of people who met at the Johnson and Johnson Foundation wingspan living in Wisconsin. That foundation had conversations that would take on differnet issues in the United States. Due to the political involvement that Mr. Rivera took part in The Puerto Rican Home, he participated in meetings hosted by the Johnson and Johnson Foundation. During one of the meetings that took place in Wisconsin, a man from Chicago stopped Mr. Rivera once he knew that he was from Lorain. This man remembers traveling to Lorain as a child where his father would participate in cock fights. This is an example of how central Lorain city became for the latino community all around the midwest. Center ; Chicago ; Midwest Cock fights ; Johnson and Johnson Foundation ; The Puerto Rican Home 4009 Years in Kent State: A Visit to The Puerto Rican Home The college thing is that I did go there (The Puerto Rican Home) on another occasion and I took a couple of students. Mr. Rivera decides to bring some of his peers from Kent state to have a beer at The Puerto Rican Home, but he did not have a lot of money at the time. Skeptical of this visit, a leader and friend of the family who worked there called him over. In this small conversation he asked what this visit was about and gave him a life lesson. Drinks ; Leader ; Life Lesson Kent State ; The Puerto Rican Home 4158 Political Power: Elections at The Puerto Rican Home This guy, Lule Medina, who was the president of the Puerto Rican Home at this time Lule Medina, who was president of The Puerto Rican Home at the time, took the task of counting the votes that had gotten him elected. Medina compared them to the amount of votes that had gotten the councilman Elected and noticed that he had gotten a greater number of votes on behalf of the Puerto Rican community. This was a revelatory and empowering moment for the Puerto Rican community because they realize the great say that they had in their community. By 1962, Lorain had elected Evelio Rosario as their first Puerto Rican councilman. Councilman ; Democrat ; Major ; Republican ; Threat ; Votes Evelio Rosario ; Lule Medina ; Mayor 4439 Music and Political Movements There was always music. In 1959 we brought Mon Rivera to The Puerto Rican Home. In 1959, Mon Rivera visited Lorain and brought plena to the community. Rivera talks about plena and how this genre is rooted in narratives that talk about the diaspora and events that may have affected people from Puerto Rico. These songs include &quot ; Me dieron Lay off&quot ; which Mon Rivera performed. This song represents the common misfortune of Puerto Ricans being laid off from work and what this impacts their life economically (a story that we unfortunately often encounter). Mon Rivera 4612 Protests and Music What happened though, in the 60's. I was college age and the civil rights movement was happening. The Puerto Rican Home, for example, sponsored a bus for the NAACP organization to take people to the protests. The I have a dream protests. The Puerto Rican Home and the NAACP had arranged buses for the latino community to Travel to New York and participate in the &quot ; I Have a Dream'' protests. Mr. Rivera's Parents were able to go and participate in the civil rights movement. Mr Rivera then connects this narrative to the 2nd generation of Puerto Ricans and Lorain and their musical taste. During this time, motown, soul, jazz, and rock and roll attracted the young community. Songs of Protests included &quot ; We Shall Overcome&quot ; and &quot ; I'm Black and I'm Proud.&quot ; This is also the time where the musical group Los Nombres was formed, a group that was influenced by these genres and movements Influence ; Jazz ; Motown ; New York ; Protest ; Soul Civil Rights Movement ; I Have a Dream ; Los Nombres ; NAACP ; The Puerto Rican Home 5003 The First Generation and The Civil Rights Movement The language got on the way but hundred percent, all of them were on the side of the more progressive thinkers and the civil rights. They have had terrible experiences. Mr Rivera recalls stories involving racial discrimination against dark skinned Puerto Ricans upon their arrival in Lorain. He then connects these stories to many songs that spoke about these issues as they related to the community. The use of humor served as a coping mechanism in these songs as they narrate racial narrative that often deal with discrimination and the effects of it. Mr. Rivera also discusses how the first generation was often silent due to fear and how they were thought to fear protest with the use of propaganda. Bobby Capo ; Cortijo ; Fear ; Humor ; Progressive 500 Años ; Civil Rights ; Levanta Borinken ; Pedro Albizu Campos ; Racial Songs 5526 Afro Puerto Rican Music: Embracing Blackness Rafael Cepeda, he at that time was writing music for Cortijo y su combo. You had Bobby Capo, but Rafael Cepeda should be credited. He was a musician and writer from Loiza Aldea in Puerto Rico. This section focuses on Rafael Cepeda, an Afro-Puerto Rican composer who performed bomba and plena. Cepeda focused on blackness and embracing his identity and race through music. Blackness ; Poet ; Race Bomberos ; Juan Boria ; Rafael Cepeda 5654 A Confrontational Generation: Musical Fusion Our generation was more confrontational. You had the Young Lords that sprung up when we go to the 60's and the 70's in New York. You had the music. There began to be a fusion in music. Songs such as &quot ; Sabre Olvidar&quot ; by the band TNT, represent the beginning of musical fusion. This salsa song had a soulful piano solo which then was rare but spoke to the interest and experience of the second generation. This section also touches on songs that spoke to his generation during that time. Bilingual ; Cleveland ; Soul Musical Fusion 5853 Kent State Protest I was one of the students that was in the protest where the National Guard killed four students at Kent State University. Mr. Rivera was part of the protest where the Kent State Massacre took place. 300 yards away from the National Guard, gunshots were heard and seconds later student protesters cried. Four students had just been killed while peacefully protesting at their university. One of these students was a man from Lorain who was running from a class to the other when the bullets were released. Mr. Rivera then talks about the song &quot ; Ohio&quot ; by Neil Young and how it validates the feelings of being angry and what it meant to be a political activist. Gunshots ; National News ; Radio Bemba ; Teargas Kent State Protest ; Massacre ; Students 6232 Salsa, Race, and Pride. I think that the whole salsa songs. Again, they tuned up the volume on the issues but they continued the tradition of being very &quot ; lets not speak to loud here, about these issues.&quot ; Mr Rivera talks about salsa during the 70's and how it was not explicit and vocal about rights and social justice. An artist that pushed these boundaries was Eddie Palmieri with his album &quot ; Justicia&quot ; , as well as The Lebron Brothers who talk about blackness. During this time, Mr. Rivera was living in Puerto Rico and realized that there was a negative perception towards Puerto Ricans and how music served as a reminder of his value and pride. Radio Eddie Palmieri ; Puerto Rico ; Salsa 6471 Trio Music Trio music and Felipe Rodriguez... The words to the songs talked about love but they exaggerated it so much that they were just incredibly funny. Mr. Rivera focused on trio music and how the lyrics often exaggerated romantic feelings to the extent that they became funny. He provides the example, &quot ; Copas Rotas&quot ; a trio song that he heard at the barber shop and is a great example of this type of writing. As a young man who did not hear or realize the sarcasm of these lyrics, Mr. Rivera understood that falling in love was a torture. Barber ; Jukebox ; Love Trio Music 6757 The Barber Shop: La Fortuna We would go to the barber shop and of course there was only one Puerto Rican barbershop. La Fortuna, he called it. Due to segregation, Puerto Ricans had no other choice but to get a haircut at Luis' barber shop called La Fortuna. The name of this barbershop, &quot ; The Fortune '' meant that Luis had the advantage of being the only Puerto Rican barber. Luis had a lot of records that people would listen to in a jukebox. Every once in a while some romantic trio songs such as &quot ; Amor en el campo&quot ; would start playing and people would immediately label that request as a sign of being in love. Jukebox ; Segregation ; Trio Music Barber Shop 6857 Musical Division Among the Community There was somewhat of a division among the community in terms of music. This is due to the selection of the first Puerto Ricans to go to Lorain. They were selected to work at the steel mill. The recruitment of Puerto Ricans to work at the steel mill was not a simple narrative. This was a highly selective process due to the political turmoil that was going on in the coastal areas of Puerto Rico in the late 20's and 30's. These events included strikes on the sugar cane fields. Because of these political situations, they decided to recruit men from the center of the Island. Now, this is an important factor since it will have an impact in the type of music that travelled to Lorain. Music from the internal part of the island was very different from coastal music which is where enslaved peoples disembarked during the 15th c. This affected the taste and the musical divide between the first and second generation of Puerto Ricans in Lorain. Cayey ; Coast ; Diaspora ; El Gran Combo ; Pete Rodriguez ; Ponce ; Salsa Genres ; Mon Rivera ; Recruitment 7298 Radio Program I had a radio program on Sunday mornings in WEOL from 9:00-11:00 in the morning. Mr. Rivera found himself going back to the music that his parents enjoyed during his radio segment at WEOL. In a way this was a nostalgic sentiment that brought a sense of identity. Trio ; WEOL Radio Program 7472 Mr Rivera's Advice I think you have to be open minded. Mr. Rivera encourages musicians to be open to fusion and change. He talks about the importance of being able to go back to the old music while embracing the future. An Advice video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rivera_Eugene.xml LL_Rivera_Eugene.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0020 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Eugene "Gene" Rivera Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-11-06 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/ebf2b25c084719129608a55c848c952f.png ffa047241343a616c90d42e63f67067c Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Gabriela Linares Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Jose "Pepe" Rivera OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rivera_Pepe.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Jose &quot ; Pepe&quot ; Rivera Latino Lorain Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Jose &quot ; Pepe&quot ; Rivera Gabriela Linares 0 https://youtu.be/LNdUX-l8cP8 YouTube video English 39 Born into Music When my dad migrated here to Lorain back in 1948. My father came to work at the steel mill when the steel was hiring people from Puerto Rico. There was a big migration of Puerto Ricans that came. At that time, there was a lot of the musicians that my dad knew in Puerto Rico that came along with him. Pepe Rivera's father built a home for 3 families who had recently migrated from Puerto Rico. The house's basement served as a rehearsal room where most of the musicians that Pepe Riveras' dad knew from P.R. would come together to play music. Young Pepe would hang around on his walker and enjoy music. After a few years Pepe's love for music and skills grew to the extent that he and 2 other musicians created a trio called Los Príncipes the first latino recording artist from Lorain. Bands ; Construction ; Fiestas ; Migration ; Musicans ; Rehearsals ; Steel Mill ; Trio Puerto Rico ; Vine Avenue Dances ; Los Principes ; Migration ; Music Rehearsals ; Sammy de Leon 290 Los Nombres and The International City Los nombres was bilingual. We did both Spanish and English. Los nombres where Puerto Ricans, Mexicans, Dominicanos. We had a little bit of everything. The city of Lorain which is referred to as the international city is home to many communities of latinos that came together besides their differences. Mr. Rivera describes this as the melting pot. The idea that this small city could contain so many different communities and identities. Band ; Bilingual ; International Los Nombres ; The International City 386 Musical Influences The music developed. They used to do a lot of parrandas and that is how I got introduce o it. Mr Rivera describes the parrandas which is where he started playing the cuatro constantly. He recalls the music that he grew up with and remembers how important the folkloric music was during the holidays. These folkloric genres developed into so many genres that are still alive in Lorain such as merengue, salsa, and bachata. Boleros ; Develop ; Salsa Cuatro ; Parrandas 572 The Puerto Rican Home That was the go to place. It was more family oriented. The Puerto Rican Home is a two story building where Pepe go to perform and visit many dances. This place was a great mingling and community building center for the latino groups in Lorain. Now, after its lock down, other organizations such as the Mexican Mutual Society still hold similar events and dances. Bands ; Barra ; Dances ; Mingling The Puerto Rican Home 722 Mexican and Puerto Rican Musical Collaboration Actually, it was a joint venture. As far as my experiences. The Mexican community at that time was the MACC which is the Mexican community society. They used to sponsor a lot of the dances. The Mexican and Puerto Rican community collaborated and sponsored each other's dances and concerts. There was not as much separation as there is now between communities. Jose Rivera compares these times to a melting pot. Dances ; Melting pot ; Sponsor ; Workers Los Nombres ; Mexican Dances ; The Puerto Rican Home 863 Concerts in Lorain We had promotors here in Lorain that would contract groups out of Puerto Rico. During this time, it was more affordable to bring big names such as Hector Lavoe and Ismael Miranda to Lorain. There were a lot of amazing concerts that took place in the city. Jose recalls the time when his first group Los Principes became the main act of these dances. Due to the lack of venues that there is now in Lorain, artists are normally booked in the Cleveland area. Concerts ; Dances ; Venues Ismael Miranda ; Los Principes ; Sammy De Leon 1023 Parrandas Being one of the three cuatro players in Lorain, Jose Rivera would participate in about seventeen parrandas during one season. Because of the demand of parrandas during Christmas time, Jose Rivera put together a group &quot ; El Ritmo del Sabor&quot ; which would take care of bringing music to different houses during the season. Cuatro Parrandas 1138 Radio Show Im proud to say that today I work for WDRW Radio Sabor Latino. We are now bringing a new format. We call it Café Colao'. With his new radio show Café Colao', Jose Rivera is hoping to bring back Puerto Rican Music from the 30's, 40's, 50's, and 60's. Mr Rivera's friend Albert Aponte loaned a library of Puerto Rican music from those eras. People in Lorain and in Puerto Rico are excited and looking forward to tuning in and enjoying the show. Later on this section Jose Rivera discusses the beginnings of the show and the incorporation of latino music in the radio. Mike, a radio host, developed a show that was dedicated to the latino community on Sundays. He also mentions how today, he dedicates a portion of his Sunday shows to inform the latino community about various topics. He interviews community leaders, keeping them informed of what is going on in Lorain. El Centro ; Lorain ; Music ; Puerto Rico ; Tim Carrion ; Victor Leandry Cafe Colao' ; Radio Show 1535 Growth and Change For example with our new councilman, Rey Carrion, he is now with the 6th Ward, in the latino community which is the South Lorain community. Lorain is growing as a city. New businesses are starting, people are coming together to clean the streets and claim parks. These efforts are making the community stronger while fostering creativity and growth for them. Accesibility ; Business ; Community ; Envolvement Change ; Growth ; Town Hall Meetings 1814 Upcoming Musicians in Lorain The up and coming musicians... It used to be more like playing by ear. When I grew up it was more playing by ear but I think today the younger musicians have moved ahead where they now read music. By doing that it develops into a whole different atmosphere. Jose Rivera talks about the new generation of musicians and how Jackie Warren who graduated from Oberlin College is now playing with Sammy de Leon. Jackie and Sammy de Leon did a drive up concert during COVID which was an amazing experience for the Lorain community. Mr. Rivera then explains how the new generation of musicians is being trained to read music which is opening doors into the professional world. Jackie Warren ; Oberlin College ; Professional ; Sammy De Leon Drive-up Concert ; New Generation 1953 Music Group: Latin City Soul Latin City Soul is a mixture of a mixture of the group of that we were developing when we were growing up back in 1968. The group Latin City Soul has become a mixture of all of the musicians from Jose Rivera's Childhood as well as the younger generation of musicians in Lorain. They are now performing all sorts of genres like: merengue, salsa, and bachata. It is incredible how these two generations have come together keeping these genres alive. Bachata ; Generations ; Hit ; Merengue ; Salsa Latin City Soul 2106 The Black River Landing and &quot ; The New Normal&quot ; The city of Lorain does have a format. They have a place that they developed called The Black River Landing. The Black River Landing venue at Lorain became a social attraction. Jose Rivera recalls a time where there was an audience of about five thousand people. Now, during the pandemic things have changed. Internet ; Pandemic ; Social Pandemic ; The Black River Landing 2443 New Beginnings Cafe Colao' and what is happening today, that is what is developing. We want to give everybody an opportunity. During this section Jose Rivera connects the radio show Café Colao' with what we are living today in relation to the pandemic. His efforts are aiming towards giving the older generation to experience some sense of normalcy by going back to music and bringing people together by listening to the show. This show also gives Jose Rivera the opportunity of keeping the community informed about what is currently happening. Colador ; Community ; Radio Cafe Colao' 2623 Music: Growing Up Where I grew up as a kid the homes were close together and there was always music. Jose Rivera remembers the time in his childhood when he got together with his friends, picked up a broomstick, and used that broomstick as an imaginary guitar for their band in the garage. Because his dad was a musician, his house was always filled with music. His father would hold rehearsals in the basement and the radio would always be playing in his house. Bands ; Basement ; Radio ; Rehearsals Garage Performances ; Growing up 2774 Racism and Division Unfortunately this country has developed all this racism and the bigotry that is going on. Jose Rivera talks about the division that has been growing over the years. This is something that affects the community, yet Lorain keeps the community alive and fosters unity. Mr. Rivera ties this to restaurants and diversity and the role of businesses on creating community. Administration ; Community ; Morality Division ; Racism 3211 Lorain in Song The Nombres wrote a song called, Lady Lorain. Now, Lady Lorain became the official song of the city of Lorain. The group The Nombres wrote many songs that carried the history of the city of Lorain. These included Lady Lorain, which became the official song of the city, songs about a flea market, as well as a song called &quot ; These Colors Don't Run&quot ; dedicated to the United States Flag. Lady Lorain ; Los Nombres ; These Colors Don't Run Lorain ; Songs 3491 Jose Rivera's Advice Continue to stay strong. Keep developing your art. Make sure that you develop your craft. Mr. Rivera encourages the younger generations of musicians to stay strong, develop their craft, and to educate themselves. Change ; Growth ; Pandemic Advice video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Rivera_Pepe.xml LL_Rivera_Pepe.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0021 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Jose "Pepe" Rivera Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-10-13 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/176db6cd6be729eced049ae579100701.png 737c075c1a826d22b96739d4b0231cfb Oral History A resource containing historical information obtained in interviews with persons having firsthand knowledge. Interviewer The person(s) performing the interview Victor Leandry Interviewee The person(s) being interviewed Juanita Senquiz OHMS Object This field contains the OHMS Hyperlink (link to the XML file within the OHMS viewer) https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Senquiz_Juanita.xml OHMS Object Text The field contains the OHMS Index and/or Transcript and is what makes the contents of the OHMS object searchable within Omeka 5.4 Juanita Senquiz Latino Lorain Fall 2020 Oberlin College Library Juanita Senquiz Victor Leandry 0 https://youtu.be/TunF2Ut1SNs YouTube video 0 Introduction and membership in Latino organizations in Lorain Today is Thursday November 5, 2020...My name is Victor Leandry, I am the Executive Director of El Centro in Lorain, Ohio, and I am here to interview, and have the pleasure to interview, Juanita Senquiz. And I am going to have her introduce herself. This interview is part of the Latino Lorain History Project, it is a collaboration of the Lorain Historical Society, Oberlin College, El Centro and many, many other partnerships in the community. So, Juanita could you tell us your name. Senquiz introduces herself and begins talking about her affiliations and membership in key Latino organizations in Lorain. She is currently the President of CHIP (Coalition of Hispanic Issues and Progress) and she describes how Elba Armstrong, in her capacity working as a principal in the Lorain City Schools, recruited Senquz to join CHIP since 1988. After working for more than 30 years in Lorain City Schools, she retired and returned to work in Human Resources where she has worked for 7 more years. CHIP (Coalition for Hispanic Issues and Progress) ; El Centro de Servicios Sociales ; Elba Armstrong ; Lorain City Schools ; Lorain Historical Society ; Oberlin College 216 Her father's journey and early life in Lorain First of all, let me ask you about your parents...they came from Puerto Rico, or they stayed in Puerto Rico and you were the one who came? Senquiz explains that her maiden name is Irizarry and how her father is from Utuado and mother is from Coamo, Puerto Rico. Her dad went to Lorain first in the late 1940s for work and met Senquiz's mother's brother who was already living and working in Lorain. After getting married in Puerto Rico, they both returned to Northeast Ohio and first lived in Bay Village before moving to Lorain. Senquiz was born in Lorain at St. Joseph hospital in Lorain which is currently being torn down and has a lot of sentimental value to people in Lorain. She also discusses growing up on the west side of Lorain and attending Irving Elementary School before moving to the east side where her father bought a home in the 1960s which was a less diverse neighborhood. She continue to live in her home on the east side of Lorain. Bay Vlllage, Ohio ; Coamo, Puerto Rico ; Compadres ; East and West Side of Lorain ; Irving Elementary School ; Labor migration ; Lorain neighborhoods ; Love letters ; Railroad ; Residential segregation ; Sacred Heart Chapel ; St. Joseph Hospital, Lorain ; Utuado, Puerto Rico ; Vine Ave 622 Growing up and raising her family in Lorain So is there anything you remember from your teenage years or any special dances or groups or special Latin clubs--did you participate in any of those things? Senquiz describes her upbringing as strict and how they were not allowed to participate in many things. After graduating from high school she attended dances with her girlfriends. Because she lived on the East Side with strict parents, besides church and El Club Utuado and Club Coameño, she didn't have a lot of interactions with the Hispanic community in Lorain growing up. She also discusses religious classes at Sacred Heart and the importance of the hometown associations in Lorain as part of a connection of friends and families. After graduating from high school she began working for Lorain City Schools where she typed for the Board of Education while she worked while still in high school. As someone who has worked for Lorain City Schools since they age of 16, she has a great knowledge of Lorain City Schools. Her husband, Pablo Senquiz, came to Lorain from Puerto Rico when he was 18 where he worked at Ford and they were married when she was 22 years old. They have been married for 44 years and have two children. Board of Education ; Club Coameño ; Club Utuado ; Dances ; Ford ; Georgia ; Job training at Lorain City Schools ; Latinos and housing ; Lorain City Schools ; Mexican Mutual ; Mother-daughter relations ; Ohio State University ; PSR classes Sacred Heart Chapel ; Puerto Rican Home ; Sacred Heart Chapel ; Strict parents 1273 Becoming a leader in the Latino community in Lorain So if you can think back about your life...When did you develop this interest to be involved in the Latino community? Senquiz talks about how part of her involvement in the Latino community in Lorain began with her family's involvement in organization like Esperanza Inc. in Cleveland. She was inspired by how involved Willy Senquiz was involved in Cleveland and how that led to be more involved in Lorain with organizations like CHIP, the Hispanic Fund, and other Hispanic and non-Hispanic boards. They also discussed the important role of Latinas in CHIP--Elba Armstrong, Angie Martinez and Juanita Senquiz were all presidents--and other organizations in Lorain. She speaks at length of busing in Lorain and CHIP's role in advocating for Latinos and busing and the other way CHIP helps out Latinos in Lorain. She also discusses the UAW's role in the beginning of the Hispanic Leadership Conference and how with the closing of the Lorain Ford plant how CHIP took over the annual conference. She also discusses CHIP's candidates night and the important role it plays in local politics and voter education for the community, as well as the way the Hispanic Leadership Conference has developed over time. Angie Martinez ; Busing in Lorain ; CHIP ; CHIP and Hispanic Leadership Conference ; CHIP candidates night ; CHIP Scholarship Fund ; Cleveland, Ohio ; Closing Ford Plant ; COVID-19 ; Esperanza Inc, Cleveland, Ohio ; Ford ; Girl Scout Concil Board ; Latina leadership in CHIP ; Lorain County Community College ; The Hispanic Fund ; United Auto Workers (UAW) and HIspanic Leadership Conference ; Willy Senquiz 1943 Final thoughts on leadership Is there anything else you would like to talk about that we haven't talked about or anything you want to tell us? She ends saying that she is quiet and Victor affirms her important leadership role and how she is well-respected. She also reflects on the value of respecting each other and how important that is in community. CHIP ; Leadership ; Respect video 0 https://oberlincollegelibrary.org/ohms-viewer/render.php?cachefile=LL_Senquiz_Juanita.xml LL_Senquiz_Juanita.xml Sort Priority This field should be added if you are using the Philly Theme with your OHMSPlugin Suite 0026 Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Juanita Senquiz Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource 2020-11-05 Format The file format, physical medium, or dimensions of the resource video https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/15f4f56660715755f7220912e94f95b6.jpg 559924c507b91bc14f483c694a5f7686 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Original Format The type of object, such as painting, sculpture, paper, photo, and additional data photo Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maria and her six siblings at Lakeview Park Source A related resource from which the described resource is derived Maria Carrion https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/130f2d86e5acaa89f392634dc32d0763.JPG b237aa366a3bf0db9547613b264a7188 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maria with her students at El Centro Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Maria Carrion https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/af24dade33cd1f1580820cb49627d61d.JPG bd6b3353457b7af285ac8f5af529eab3 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maria's father, Ignacio Carrion, retired in Puerto Rico Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Maria Carrion https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/ee3386c7244dbf0367e53bdc3dee017f.jpg 5823dcf44203fc62ea3178e241606da0 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maria's father, Ignacio Carrion Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Maria Carrion https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/b3ab2cabbbdd01c248a68135f7b4dc02.JPG 9b4c091d9014d32b4d3c1cd2474b1023 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maria's mother, Maria Conchita Solis Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Maria Carrion https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/195dd31e814d92c72a58804c544c0b0e.JPG 2eb14fe70bd5e0d088e257a07764235e Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Maria & Isabel during the El Centro Virtual Gala Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Maria Carrion Date A point or period of time associated with an event in the lifecycle of the resource January 7, 2020 https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/d33cf050910bd2c2ef6b06d5ccea3615.gif 7a12387d924a0d2f64dcd4b287f36764 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Antonio Barrios' campaign flyer from when he ran for a seat on Lorain's City Council in 2019. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Antonio Barrios Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jane Rissover-Plotke https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/ce10a7217b8e1038da810b00f472ce34.JPG 6cbe780cc505e9794d1be2bb78266fe0 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Antonio Barrios in his office space at LAC. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Antonio Barrios Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jane Rissover-Plotke https://latinolorain.oberlincollegelibrary.org/files/original/d85705eabadb587cda22b47f1a8c6a71.JPG c74db6f0b764c0129a01ae332e022584 Still Image A static visual representation. Examples include paintings, drawings, graphic designs, plans and maps. Recommended best practice is to assign the type Text to images of textual materials. Dublin Core The Dublin Core metadata element set is common to all Omeka records, including items, files, and collections. For more information see, http://dublincore.org/documents/dces/. Title A name given to the resource Antonio Barrios in a radio station. Creator An entity primarily responsible for making the resource Antonio Barrios Contributor An entity responsible for making contributions to the resource Jane Rissover-Plotke